Kuki sisitemu ya PV ya balcony ikeneye icyuma gipima ubuziranenge cya OWON WiFi?

PV yo muri balcony(Photovoltaics) yamenyekanye cyane mu buryo butunguranye mu 2024-2025, ihura n'ibura ry'isoko rikomeye mu Burayi. Ihindura "ibice bibiri + microinverter imwe + insinga imwe y'amashanyarazi" mo "uruganda ruto rw'amashanyarazi" rushobora gukoreshwa, ndetse no ku batuye mu mazu asanzwe.

1. Impungenge z'itegeko ry'ingufu z'abaturage b'i Burayi

Igiciro cy’amashanyarazi mu ngo zo mu muryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi mu 2023 cyari 0.28 €/kWh, aho igipimo cyo hejuru mu Budage cyazamutse kirenga 0.4 €/kWh. Abatuye mu mazu yo mu bwoko bwa 'consumers', badafite uburyo bwo kugera ku bisenge by’amazu akoreshwa n’izuba, bashoboraga kwihanganira fagitire z’amashanyarazi za buri kwezi gusa badafite uburyo bufatika bwo kuzigama amafaranga. Imashini ya balcony ya 400 Wp ishobora gutanga hafi 460 kWh ku mwaka i Munich. Ibarwa ku giciro cy’amashanyarazi cya 0.35 €/kWh, ibi bizigama hafi 160 € buri mwaka, bishobora kwiyishyura mu myaka itatu gusa - ikintu gikurura cyane abatuye mu mazu yo mu bwoko bwa 'consumers'.

Mu 2023-2024, imashini zitanga ingufu za kirimbuzi zirenga 30 muri 56 zo mu Bufaransa zafunzwe bitewe no kwangirika cyangwa kongeramo lisansi, bituma ingufu za kirimbuzi zigabanuka rimwe na rimwe munsi ya 25 GW, munsi cyane y’ubushobozi bwa 55 GW, bituma ibiciro by’amashanyarazi byazamutse mu buryo butaziguye mu Burayi. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Gashyantare 2024, umuvuduko w’umuyaga mu Nyanja y’Amajyaruguru wari munsi ya 15% ugereranije n’ibisanzwe muri icyo gihe, bituma ingufu z’umuyaga zo mu majyaruguru y’Uburayi zigabanukaho hafi 20% ugereranyije n’umwaka. Igipimo cy’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu z’umuyaga muri Danemark no mu majyaruguru y’Ubudage cyagabanutseho munsi ya 30%, aho ibiciro by’ingufu z’umuyaga byakomeje kuzamuka hejuru ya 0.6 €/kWh. Raporo y’Umuryango w’Uburayi w’Abakozi ba Sisitemu yo Gukwirakwiza Uduce tw’Amashanyarazi (ENTSO-E) 2024 yagaragaje ko impuzandengo y’imyaka yo gukora ya sitasiyo 220 kV mu bihugu nk’Ubudage n’Ubufaransa irenga imyaka 35. Kugabanuka kw'ibikoresho bituma habaho inzitizi nyinshi mu bijyanye no gutwara amashanyarazi mu gace runaka, bigatuma ibiciro bihindagurika cyane ku munsi byikuba inshuro 2.3 kurusha uko byari bimeze mu 2020. Ibi bituma fagitire z'amashanyarazi ku batuye mu mazu y'i Burayi zisa n'izigenda buhoro buhoro.

2. Kugabanuka kw'ibiciro by'ibikoresho bishya by'ingufu bituma PV n'ububiko bishyirwa mu ngo

Mu myaka itatu ishize, ikiguzi cya module za PV, microinverters, na bateri zo kubika cyagabanutseho hejuru ya 40%. Igiciro cya modules nto zipakiye munsi ya 800 Wp cyageze ku rwego rw'ibicuruzwa. Hagati aho, ibisubizo byo guhuza plug-and-play byorohereje cyane inzira yo gushyiraho, bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo gushyiraho sisitemu kandi binateza imbere vuba ikoreshwa rya PV zo ku ibaraza n'uburyo bwo kubika ingufu.

3. Politiki n'amabwiriza: Kuva ku kwemera mu buryo butunguranye kugeza ku gushishikarizwa

• Itegeko ry’Ubudage rigenga ingufu zisubira (EEG 2023) rishyira ku mugaragaro “PV ya balkoni ≤800 Wp” mu cyiciroStecker-Solar, ikuraho amafaranga yo kwemererwa, gupima, n'amafaranga yo gukoresha amashanyarazi, ariko iracyabuza kongera gukoresha amashanyarazi mu muyoboro rusange w'amashanyarazi binyuze mu masoko y'abikorera ku giti cyabo.
• “Ingamba zo gucunga PV zikwirakwizwa (Umwandiko wo gutanga igitekerezo)” wo mu Bushinwa mu 2024 ugaragaza “PV yo mu kabari” nk “ahantu hato” ariko ukavuga neza ko moderi “yo kwiyishyurira burundu” igomba kuba ifite ibikoresho birinda amashanyarazi inyuma; bitabaye ibyo, bizafatwa nk’aho binyuranyije n’amategeko agenga ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi.
• Ubufaransa, Ubutaliyani na Esipanye byatangije icyarimwe uburyo bwo kwiyandikisha bwa "plug-in PV" aho abakoresha bagomba kubanza kwiyemeza "kutagira amashanyarazi asubira inyuma" kugira ngo bemererwe inkunga ya 0.10–0.15 € / kWh yo kwiyishyurira.

Inkunga ya politiki yabaye inkingi ikomeye mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya PV yo ku rubaraza, ariko hagomba kwitabwaho no kubahiriza amabwiriza agenga inzira y'amashanyarazi inyura inyuma. Aha niho ibyuma bipima ubushyuhe biba ingenzi.

4. Kuki sisitemu ya PV ya balcony ikeneye OWON WiFi Smart Meter?

OWON, ikigo cy’ikoranabuhanga cya IoT gifite uburambe bw’imyaka irenga 20, cyibanda ku micungire y’ingufu n’ibisubizo by’inyubako zigezweho.Igipimo cy'ubwenge cya WiFi cya PC341Yagenewe ibintu nka PV yo kuri balkoni kandi itanga ibi bikurikira:

• Itumanaho Rihuye:Inyubako zo mu mazu zikunze kutagira uburyo bwo gukoresha insinga za RS-485, kandi 4G/NB-IoT yishyurwa amafaranga y'umwaka. WiFi, ifite hafi 100% by'ubwikorezi, ni uburyo bwiza cyane bwo gutumanaho kuri za meter zigezweho mu bijyanye na PV muri balkoni. PC341 ifasha guhuza WiFi ya 802.11 b/g/n kuri 2.4GHz.
• Ubushobozi bw'ingenzi bwo kurwanya ihindagurika ry'ingufu:Igipimo cy'amashanyarazi kigomba kumenya vuba aho ingufu zinyura mu buryo bunyura inyuma. PC341 ishyigikira gupima ingufu z'icyerekezo gibiri, igenzura ingufu zakoreshejwe n'izitangwa (harimo n'ingufu zirenze zisubizwa ku muyoboro w'amashanyarazi). Inzira yayo yo gutanga raporo ya buri masegonda 15 ifasha sisitemu gusubiza ku gihe.
• Biroroshye kuyishyiramo:Ubusanzwe PV yo mu cyumba cy’igorofa ni umushinga wo kongeramo ibikoresho, usaba ko icyuma gipima umuriro cyongerwa aho PV ihurira, akenshi mu kibaho cyo gukwirakwiza ibikoresho mu rugo gisanzwe. PC341 ishyigikira gushyiramo inkuta cyangwa DIN rail. CT zayo z’ingenzi na subCT zikoresha insinga eshatu z’amajwi (3.5mm na 2.5mm uko bikurikirana) zifite insinga za metero 1, kandi transformers z’amashanyarazi zigizwe n’imirongo ibiri zorohereza gushyirwaho vuba, zigashyirwa neza mu kibaho gito cyo gukwirakwiza ibikoresho mu rugo.
• Gupima neza mu cyerekezo gikurikira:Ibisabwa n'amategeko bishobora gusaba gusimbuza metero zishaje zidashyigikira gupima impande zombi. PC341 yagenewe by'umwihariko gupima ingufu z'ingufu z'impande zombi, igenzura neza ikoreshwa n'umusaruro, ihura n'ibikenewe mu bya tekiniki bya PV byo ku rubaraza. Ubuziranenge bwayo bwo gupima buri hagati ya ± 2% ku buremere >100W.
• Igipimo cyo gutanga raporo y'amakuru:PC341 itanga ibipimo by’amashanyarazi, ingufu z’amashanyarazi, imbaraga zikora, n’inshuro zikoreshwa mu gupima amakuru mu buryo bwihuse, hamwe no gutanga raporo ku makuru ahoraho, bifasha mu gukurikirana impinduka z’amashanyarazi.
• Ubushobozi bwo gutumanaho:Itumanaho rya WiFi rya PC341 rikuraho gukenera insinga z'itumanaho ziyongera; guhuza gusa n'umuyoboro wa wireless wo mu rugo usanzwe bifasha kohereza amakuru, bigabanya cyane uburyo bwo kuyishyiraho n'ikiguzi cyo kubaka. Ibi kandi binoroshya kwagura sisitemu mu gihe kizaza. Microinverters nyinshi zikoreshwa muri sisitemu za PV zo muri balcony nazo zishyigikira itumanaho rya WiFi, bigatuma metero na microinverter bihuza n'umuyoboro wa WiFi wo mu rugo.
• Guhuza Sisitemu no Guhindura Imiterere:PC341 ikorana na sisitemu imwe, igabanya ibice (120/240VAC), na sisitemu eshatu zifite insinga enye (480Y/277VAC), ikaba ihuza n'ibidukikije bitandukanye by'amashanyarazi. Ishobora kugenzura ingufu zo mu rugo rwose n'imiyoboro 16 itandukanye (ikoresheje 50A sub CTs), itanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kwagura sisitemu.
• Kwizerwa no Kwemeza:PC341 ifite icyemezo cya CE kandi ikora neza mu bushyuhe bwinshi (-20℃ ~ +55℃), ikwiriye ahantu ho gushyira ibintu mu nzu.

5. Umwanzuro: OWON WiFi Smart Meter – Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gukoresha porogaramu za PV muri balcony

Sisitemu za PV zo mu cyumba cy’icumbi zihindura amabaluni abarirwa muri za miriyoni zo guturamo “inganda nto z’amashanyarazi.” Igipimo cy’amashanyarazi cya WiFi nka OWON PC341 gifasha izi sisitemu gukora mu buryo “bwemewe, bw’ubwenge, bw’umutekano, kandi bunoze”. Kigira uruhare runini mu gukora harimo “gupima, kugenzura, no gutumanaho.” Mu gihe urebye imbere, hamwe no gukoresha ibiciro bihindagurika, ubucuruzi bwa karuboni, na V2G, imikorere ya gipimo cy’amashanyarazi kizahinduka uretse gusa inzira y’amashanyarazi irwanya gusubira inyuma, ishobora kuvugurura ikaba inkingi ikomeye muri sisitemu yo gucunga ingufu zo mu rugo, bigatuma buri kilowati-saaha y’amashanyarazi ahumanya ibidukikije igaragara, igenzurwa, kandi irusheho kunozwa, ikagaragaza koko “ikirometero cya nyuma” cy’ubuzima bwa zeru-kaboni.

Ikoranabuhanga rya OWON ritanga ibisubizo byuzuye kuva ku bicuruzwa bisanzwe bya IoT kugeza kuri serivisi za ODM z'ibikoresho. Ibicuruzwa byayo n'ubuhanga bwayo mu by'umwuga bishobora gushyigikira sisitemu za PV zo ku rubaraza hamwe n'uburyo bwagutse bwo gucunga ingufu zo mu rugo.