Urwego Rushya Rwose rw'Irushanwa

(Icyitonderwa cy'Umwanditsi: Iyi nkuru, ibice byakuwe mu gitabo cy'imfashanyigisho cya ZigBee.)

Uburyo bwo guhangana buteye ubwoba. Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, na Thread byose byashyize imbaraga zabyo kuri IoT ifite ingufu nke. Icy'ingenzi ni uko ibi bipimo byagize akamaro ko kureba ibyagenze neza n'ibitaragenze neza kuri ZigBee, byongera amahirwe yo gutsinda no kugabanya igihe gikenewe kugira ngo haboneke igisubizo gifatika.

Umuyoboro wakozwe kuva hasi kugeza hejuru kugira ngo uhuze n'ibyo IoT ikeneye mu buryo bugoye. Ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nke, topology ya mesh, inkunga ya IP y'umwimerere, n'umutekano mwiza ni ibintu by'ingenzi biranga ibipimo ngenderwaho. Kubera ko byakozwe na benshi mu bakunze gufata ibyiza bya ZigBee no kubinoza. Ingamba za Thread ni inkunga ya IP kuva ku mpera kugeza ku mpera kandi ni uko ari urubuga rwiza, ariko nta mpamvu yo kwizera ko bizagarukira aho nibiba byiza.

Bluetooth na Wi-Fi bishobora gutera impungenge ZigBee kurushaho. Bluetooth yatangiye kwitegura gukemura ikibazo cy’isoko rya IoT nibura mu myaka itandatu ishize ubwo bongeraga Bluetooth Low Energy kuri verisiyo ya 4.0 y’imiterere y’ibanze, nyuma y’uyu mwaka ivugurura rya 5.0 rizongeraho urwego n’umuvuduko, rikemure ibibazo by’ingenzi. Muri icyo gihe, Blurtooth SIG izashyiraho amahame ngenderwaho y’itumanaho rya mesh, azaba ajyanye na silicon yagenewe verisiyo ya 4.0 y’imiterere. Raporo zigaragaza ko verisiyo ya mbere ya mesh ya Blurtooth izaba porogaramu zikoresha amazi menshi nko kumurika, isoko rya mbere rya Bluetooth Mesh. Verisiyo ya kabiri y’amahame ngenderwaho y’itumanaho izongera ubushobozi bwo gukoresha itumanaho, ikemerera utudomo tw’amababi dufite ingufu nke kuguma dusinziriye mu gihe utundi tudomo (twizere ko ari two dufite ingufu mains) dukora uburyo bwo kwakira ubutumwa.

Wi-Fi Alliance yatinze kwinjira mu itsinda rya IoT rifite ingufu nke, ariko kimwe na Blurtooth, ifite ikirango gisanzwe kandi ifite imiterere ikomeye yo kuyifasha kuzamuka vuba. Wi-Fi Alliance yatangaje Halow, yubatswe ku gipimo cya sub-Ghz 802.11ah, muri Mutarama 2016 nk'uburyo bwo kwinjira mu byiciro byuzuye by'amahame ya IoT. Holaw ifite ibibazo bikomeye igomba gutsinda. Ibisobanuro bya 802.11ah ntibirakemezwa kandi gahunda yo kwemeza Halow ntiteganijwe kugeza mu 2018, bityo ikaba imaze imyaka myinshi inyuma y'amahame ahanganye. Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, kugira ngo ikoreshe imbaraga za Wi-Fi, Halow ikeneye ahantu hanini ho kwinjira kuri Wi-Fi hashyigikira 802.11ah. Ibyo bivuze ko abakora inzira za interineti, routers zitagira umugozi, n'ahantu ho kwinjira bagomba kongeramo umurongo mushya wa spectrum ku bicuruzwa byabo, bongeraho ikiguzi n'ubuhanga. Kandi imigozi ya sub-Ghz ntabwo ari rusange nka bande ya 2.4GHz, bityo abakora bazakenera gusobanukirwa imico y’ibihugu byinshi mu bicuruzwa byabo. Ese ibyo bizabaho? Wenda. Ese bizagenda neza igihe Halow izageraho? Igihe kizagaragara.

Bamwe basuzugura Bluetooth na Wi-Fi nk'ibicuruzwa bishya mu isoko batazi kandi badashoboye kubikemura. Iryo ni ikosa. Amateka yo guhuza amakuru yuzuyemo ibipimo by’ikoranabuhanga byagiye bibaho mu nzira y’ikinyabupfura gikuru nka Ethernrt, USB, Wi-Fi, cyangwa Bluetooth. Izi "nyoni zitera" zikoresha imbaraga z’aho zikorera kugira ngo zibone inyungu mu isoko rigezweho, zigakoresha ikoranabuhanga ry’abo bahanganye kandi zigakoresha ubukungu buhanitse kugira ngo zitsinde abatavuga rumwe nazo. (Nk’uwahoze ari umuvugabutumwa muri FireWire, umwanditsi arabizi neza.)