Mu mashanyarazi, icyiciro kivuga ku gukwirakwiza umutwaro. Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y’amashanyarazi y’icyiciro kimwe n’ay’icyiciro cya gatatu? Itandukaniro riri hagati y’icyiciro cya gatatu n’icyiciro kimwe ahanini riri mu muvuduko wakira binyuze muri buri bwoko bw’insinga. Nta ngufu z’icyiciro bibiri zibaho, ibi bikaba bitangaje kuri bamwe. Ingufu z’icyiciro kimwe zikunze kwitwa 'icyiciro cyo kugabana'.
Inzu zo guturamo zikunze gukoreshwa n'amashanyarazi y'icyiciro kimwe, mu gihe ibigo by'ubucuruzi n'inganda bikunze gukoresha amashanyarazi y'icyiciro kimwe. Itandukaniro rikomeye hagati y'amashanyarazi y'icyiciro kimwe n'ay'icyiciro gatatu ni uko amashanyarazi y'icyiciro kimwe arushaho kwakira imizigo myinshi. Ingufu z'amashanyarazi z'icyiciro kimwe zikunze gukoreshwa iyo imizigo isanzwe ari amatara cyangwa ubushyuhe, aho gukoreshwa na moteri nini z'amashanyarazi.
Icyiciro kimwe
Insinga imwe ifite insinga eshatu ziri muri ubwo bushyuhe. Insinga ebyiri zishyushye n'insinga imwe idakoresha ingufu zitanga ingufu. Buri nsinga ishyushye itanga volti 120 z'amashanyarazi. Ifite amashanyarazi atagira ingufu iva kuri transformateur. Hari uruziga rw'ibice bibiri kuko imashini nyinshi zishyushya amazi, amashyiga n'ibyuma byumisha imyenda bisaba volti 240 kugira ngo bikore. Izi nsinga zikoreshwa n'insinga zombi zishyushye, ariko iyi ni uruziga rwuzuye ruva kuri insinga imwe idakoresha ingufu. Ibindi bikoresho byose bikoreshwa na volti 120 z'amashanyarazi, zikoresha insinga imwe ishyushye n'ifite amashanyarazi atagira ingufu. Ubwoko bw'uruziga rukoresha insinga zishyushye n'ifite amashanyarazi atagira ingufu niyo mpamvu rukunze kwitwa uruziga rw'ibice bicitse. Insinga imwe ifite insinga ebyiri zishyushye zizengurutswe n'ubushyuhe bw'umukara n'umutuku, idafite amashanyarazi ihora ari umweru kandi hari insinga y'icyatsi kibisi itera hasi.
Icyiciro cya Gatatu
Ingufu z'ibice bitatu zitangwa n'insinga enye. Insinga eshatu zishyushye zitwara volti 120 z'amashanyarazi n'imwe idafite aho ibogamiye. Insinga ebyiri zishyushye kandi zidafite aho zibogamiye zijya ku mashini isaba volti 240 z'amashanyarazi. Ingufu z'ibice bitatu zikora neza kurusha ingufu z'ibice bimwe. Tekereza umugabo umwe asunika imodoka hejuru y'umusozi; uru ni urugero rw'ingufu z'ibice bimwe. Ingufu z'ibice bitatu ni nko kugira abagabo batatu bangana basunika iyo modoka imwe hejuru y'umusozi umwe. Insinga eshatu zishyushye mu ruziga rw'ibice bitatu zifite ibara ry'umukara, ubururu n'umutuku; insinga y'umweru ni yo idafite aho ibogamiye kandi insinga y'icyatsi kibisi ikoreshwa hasi.
Irindi tandukaniro riri hagati y’insinga z’icyiciro cya gatatu n’insinga z’icyiciro kimwe rireba aho buri bwoko bw’insinga bukoreshwa. Inzu nyinshi, niba atari zose, zifite insinga z’icyiciro kimwe. Inyubako zose z’ubucuruzi zifite insinga z’icyiciro cya gatatu zishyizweho n’ikigo cy’amashanyarazi. Moteri z’icyiciro cya gatatu zitanga ingufu zirenze izo moteri y’icyiciro kimwe ishobora gutanga. Kubera ko amazu menshi y’ubucuruzi akoresha imashini n’ibikoresho bikoresha moteri z’icyiciro cya gatatu, insinga z’icyiciro cya gatatu zigomba gukoreshwa mu gukoresha sisitemu. Ibintu byose biri mu nzu y’abaturage bikoresha gusa ingufu z’icyiciro kimwe nko gusohora amazi, urumuri, firigo ndetse n’ibikoresho bikoresha volti 240 z’amashanyarazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-09-2021