1. Gusuzugura

Internet yibintu (IOT) ni "umurongo wa interineti uhuza ibintu byose", ariwo kwagura no kwagura interineti. Ihuza ibikoresho bitandukanye byunvikana hamwe numuyoboro kugirango ukore umuyoboro munini, umenye guhuza abantu, imashini nibintu umwanya uwariwo wose n'ahantu hose.

Internet yibintu nigice cyingenzi cyibisekuru bishya byikoranabuhanga. Inganda nazo zitwa PanInteConnection, bivuze guhuza ibintu nibintu byose. Kubwibyo, "enterineti yibintu ni interineti yibintu bihujwe". Ibi bifite ibisobanuro bibiri: Icya mbere, ishingiro rya interineti yibintu biracyari interineti, niwo muyoboro wagutse kandi waguwe hejuru ya interineti. Icya kabiri, uruhande rwumukiriya rwangerewe kandi rugera kubintu byose hagati yibintu byo guhanahana amakuru no gutumanaho. Kubwibyo, ibisobanuro bya enterineti yibintu ni ukumenya kuri radiyo, senrament ya infraked, sisitemu yo guhanahana amakuru (GPS), ahabitekerezo, aho ukurikirana no kugenzura no gucunga umuyoboro.

2. Ikoranabuhanga ryingenzi

2.1 Kumenyekanisha radiyo

RFID ni sisitemu yoroshye idafite umugozi igizwe numubajije (cyangwa umusomyi) numubare wa transponders (cyangwa tagi). Tagi igizwe nibice bihuza na chip. Buri tagi ifite kode yihariye ya elegitoroniki yinjira, ifatanye nikintu kugirango umenye intego. Ihindura amakuru ya radiyo kubasomyi binyuze muri Antenna, kandi umusomyi ni igikoresho gisoma amakuru. Ikoranabuhanga rya RFId ryemerera ibintu "kuvuga". Ibi bitanga interineti yibintu biranga inzira. Bisobanura ko abantu bashobora kumenya ahantu nyaburanga nibintu byabo igihe icyo aricyo cyose. Gucuruza Abasesengura i Sanford C. Bernstein Yerekana ko iyi mikorere ya interineti y'ibintu RFID ishobora kuzigama imirima ya Wal -35 ku mwaka, ibyinshi muri byo binyuranyije na serivisi zinjira. RFID yafashije inganda zicuruza gukemura ibibazo bibiri byingenzi: Hanze-yububiko no gutakaza (ibicuruzwa byatakaye kubujura no guhungabanya iminyururu itangwa). Wal-Mart yatakaje miliyari 2 z'amadolari ku mwaka ku bujura wenyine.

2.2 Micro - Electro - Sisitemu ya mashini

Mems ihagaze kuri sisitemu ya micro-electro-mashini. Nuburyo bwimico ihuriweho na micro-sensor igizwe na micro-sensor, micro-aitotor, gutunganya ibimenyetso no kugenzura umuzenguruko no kugenzura umuzenguruko, Imigaragarire yitumanaho. Intego yacyo ni uguhuza kugura, gutunganya no gushyira mubikorwa amakuru muri sisitemu nini yimikorere, ihuriweho na sisitemu nini, kugirango ugere kuri sisitemu nini, kuburyo bwo kunoza cyane urwego rwikora, ubwenge nubwiringirwa bwa sisitemu. Nibyinshi bya sensor rusange. Kuberako mems itanga ubuzima bushya kubintu bisanzwe, bafite imiyoboro yakazi, ibikorwa byo kubika amakuru, ibikorwa byo kubika, sisitemu yo gukora hamwe nibisabwa byihariye, bityo bigakoresha umuyoboro munini. Ibi bituma interineti yibintu yo gukurikirana no kurinda abantu binyuze mubintu. Ku bijyanye no gutwara ibinyabiziga byasinze, niba urufunguzo rwo gutwika rushyizwemo imyenda mito, kugira ngo iyo umushoferi wasinze akureho inzoga, reka kureka inzoga nyinshi, guhagarika gutangira ", imodoka izatangira", imodoka izaba imeze mu buruhukiro. Muri icyo gihe, "yategetse" terefone igendanwa yo kohereza ubutumwa bugufi ku nshuti n'abavandimwe, abamenyesha aho bakorera no kubibutsa guhangana nabyo vuba bishoboka. Nibisubizo byo kuba "ibintu" kuri enterineti yibintu byisi.

2.3 imashini-imashini / man

M2M, ngufi kumashini-imashini / umuntu, ni porogaramu ihuriweho na serivisi hamwe nubushakashatsi bwubwenge bwimashini nkibanze. Bizatuma ikintu kivuga neza. M2M ikoranabuhanga ririmo ibice bitanu byingenzi bya tekiniki: Imashini, M2m Ibyuma, Itumanaho, Hagati Hagati no gusaba. Ukurikije urubuga rwabara hamwe nurusobe rwubwenge, ibyemezo birashobora gufatwa hashingiwe kumakuru yabonetse numuyoboro wa sensor, kandi imyitwarire yibintu irashobora guhinduka kugirango igenzurwe nibitekerezo. Kurugero, abageze mu zabukuru bambara amasaha yashyizwemo imyenda ya Smarsome, abana ahandi barashobora kugenzura umuvuduko wamaraso, hazamuka umutima wamaraso bwabo muri telefone zigendanwa; Iyo nyirubwite ari kukazi, Ssubisor izahita ifunga amazi, amashanyarazi n'inzugi n'amadirishya, hanyuma wohereze ubutumwa kuri terefone igendanwa ya nyirayo buri gihe kugirango utangaze uko umutekano utanga amakuru.

2.4 irashobora kubara

Kubara ibicu bigamije guhuza umubare wibigo bikuru bikunze kuba muri sisitemu yuzuye ukoresheje ubushobozi bukomeye binyuze murusobero rukomeye kugirango abakoresha bambere bashobore kubona serivisi zikomeye zubushobozi. Imwe mu myumvire yibanze yo kubara igicu ni ugukomeza kunoza ubushobozi bwo gutunganya "igicu", hanyuma woroshye mu buryo bworoshye bwinjiza nibikoresho byo gutunganya no gutunganya "ibicu" kubisabwa "igicu". Ikigereranyo cyo kumenya interineti yibintu kibona umubare munini wamakuru, hanyuma nyuma yo kohereza binyuze kumurongo, hanyuma ukoreshe ibicu bisanzwe, hanyuma ugakoresha ibicu bisanzwe bibarura no gutanga amakuru yingirakamaro kubakoresha amakuru yingirakamaro kubakoresha amaherezo.

3. Gusaba

3.1 Murugo rwubwenge

Urugo rwubwenge nubusabane bwibanze bwa iot murugo. Hamwe no gukundwa kwa serivisi zigari, ibicuruzwa byubwenge bigira uruhare muri byose. No one at home, can use mobile phone and other product client remote operation of intelligent air conditioning, adjust the room temperature, even can learn the user's habits, so as to achieve automatic temperature control operation, users can go home in the hot summer to enjoy the comfort of cool; Binyuze kubakiriya kumenya guhindura amatara yubwenge, kugenzura umucyo namabara yamatara, nibindi .; Ikanzushi yashingiyeho, irashobora kumenya igihe cya kure ya socket cyangwa kuri iki gihe, ndetse irashobora gukurikirana ibyuma by'amashanyarazi kugira ngo ubashe kumvikana ku bijyanye no gukoresha amashanyarazi, tegura imikoreshereze y'umutungo n'ingengo y'imari; Igipimo cyubwenge cyo gukurikirana imyitozo. Kamera yubwenge, idirishya / sensor, urugi rwubwenge, abateganizi bato, impuruza zubwenge hamwe nibindi bikoresho byo gukurikirana umutekano nibyingenzi byingirakamaro kumiryango. Urashobora gusohoka mugihe kugirango urebe ibihe nyabyo byigihe cyose cyurugo igihe icyo aricyo cyose nahantu, hamwe ningaruka zose z'umutekano. Ubuzima bwo murugo busa nkaho bugenda bwitonda kandi bwiza tubikesha iot.

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3.2 Ubwikorezi bwubwenge

Gusaba interineti yibintu ikoranabuhanga mumodoka ni ukuze. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwimodoka mbonezamubano, ubwinshi bwimodoka cyangwa ubumuga bwabaye ikibazo gikomeye mumijyi. Gukurikirana igihe nyacyo cyo gukurikirana umuhanda no kwanduza mugihe amakuru kubashoferi, kugirango abashoferi bahindure ingendo mugihe, bakure neza igitutu; Sisitemu yo kwishyuza umuhanda (nibindi kugirango bigufi) yashyizweho mumasoko yumuhanda, bikiza igihe cyo kubona no gusubiza ikarita yinjira no gusohoka kandi bikagenda neza kandi bikameza imikorere yimodoka. Sisitemu yo gushyira muri bisi irashobora gusobanukirwa mugihe inzira ya bisi hanyuma akageraho, kandi abagenzi barashobora gufata icyemezo cyo gutembera ukurikije inzira, kugirango wirinde imyanda idakenewe. Hamwe no kwiyongera kw'ibinyabiziga mbonezamubano, usibye kuzana igitutu cy'umuhanda, parikingi nayo iba ikibazo gikomeye. Imijyi myinshi yatangije sisitemu yo gucunga umuhanda ushinzwe imiyoborere yumuhanda, ishingiye kuri platifomu yo kubara kandi igahuza na enterineti ikoranabuhanga no kunoza ibikoresho byo gutwara imodoka no kunoza igipimo cyo gutunganya imodoka noroshye. Sisitemu irashobora guhuza na terefone igendanwa na radiyo iranga radiyo. Binyuze muri software ya porogaramu igendanwa, irashobora kumenya imyumvire yamakuru ya parikingi hamwe na parikingi hakiri kare kandi uvuge ko wishyurwa nibindi bikoresho, ahanini bikemura ikibazo cya "Parikingi itoroshye".

3.3 Umutekano rusange

Mu myaka yashize, ikirere kidasanzwe anomalies kibaho kenshi, kandi gutungurwa no kwangiza ibiza biriyongera. Internet irashobora gukurikirana umutekano muke mu bihe nyabyo, ikabuza hakiri kare, itange umuburo hakiri kare kandi ufate ingamba zo kugabanya ingaruka ku mibereho y'umuntu n'umutungo. Nko mu ntangiriro ya 2013, kaminuza i Buffalo yasabye umushinga wa interineti wimbitse, ukoresha sensor itunganijwe cyane kugira ngo isesengura amazi, ikumira umutungo w'inyanja, gukumira umutungo wa Marine, ndetse batanga umuburo wizewe kuri tsunami. Uyu mushinga wageragejwe neza mu kiyaga cyaho, gutanga ishingiro ryo kwaguka. Internet y'ibintu ikoranabuhanga irashobora kumenyana ubushishozi amakuru y'ikirere, ubutaka, amashyamba, umutungo w'amazi n'ibindi bice, bigira uruhare runini mu kuzamura ibidukikije.