Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya 5G na 6G?

Nkuko tubizi, 4G ni igihe cya interineti igendanwa naho 5G ni igihe cya interineti y’ibintu. 5G izwi cyane kubera imikorere yayo yo kwihuta cyane, gutinda guke no guhuza ibintu byinshi, kandi yagiye ikoreshwa buhoro buhoro mu bintu bitandukanye nko mu nganda, ubuvuzi bw’ikoranabuhanga, gutwara imodoka mu buryo bwikora, imashini zikoresha ikoranabuhanga mu rugo na robo. Iterambere rya 5G rituma amakuru akoreshwa kuri telefoni n’ubuzima bw’abantu biyongera. Muri icyo gihe, bizahindura uburyo bwo gukora n’imibereho y’inganda zitandukanye. Hamwe n’iterambere n’ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga rya 5G, turimo gutekereza ku cyo 6G nyuma ya 5G ari cyo? Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya 5G na 6G?

6G ni iki?

6 g ni ukuri byose bifitanye isano, ubumwe bw'ijuru n'isi, umuyoboro wa 6 g uzaba ari ihuriro ry'itumanaho ridafite insinga n'iryo kuri interineti, binyuze mu guhuza itumanaho rya satelite n'itumanaho rya 6 g rigendanwa, kugera ku ihuriro ry'isi yose, ikimenyetso cy'umuyoboro gishobora kugera mu cyaro icyo ari cyo cyose cya kure, kugera mu misozi miremire yo kuvurirwa kure, abarwayi bashobora kwemera kureka abana bakakira uburezi bwo kure.

Byongeye kandi, hamwe n'ubufasha buhuriweho bwa Sisitemu yo Gushyira Ahantu GLOBAL, sisitemu y'itumanaho, sisitemu y'amashusho y'isi n'umuyoboro w'ubutaka wa 6G, uburyo bwose bwo gukwirakwiza umuyoboro w'ubutaka n'ikirere bushobora gufasha abantu kumenya ikirere no guhangana vuba n'ibiza. Iyi ni yo hazaza ya 6G. Igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru cya 6G gishobora kugera ku nshuro 50 kurusha icya 5G, kandi gutinda kugabanuka kugera kuri kimwe cya cumi cya 5G, biruta cyane 5G mu bijyanye n'umuvuduko wo hejuru, gutinda, ubucucike bw'imodoka, ubucucike bw'itumanaho, kugenda, ubushobozi bwo gushyira ibintu mu mwanya wabyo no kubishyiraho.

Ni ikiItandukaniro riri hagati ya 5G na 6G ni irihe?

NeilMcRae, umuhanga mu by’ubwubatsi bw’itumanaho rya BT, yari yiteze ko itumanaho rya 6G rizaba “umuyoboro wa satelite wa 5G+”, uhuza umuyoboro wa satelite hashingiwe kuri 5G kugira ngo ugere ku rwego rw’isi. Nubwo nta gisobanuro gisanzwe cya 6G ubu, birashoboka ko 6G izaba ari uruhurirane rw’itumanaho ryo ku butaka n’itumanaho ryo kuri satelite. Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gutumanaho rya satelite ni ingenzi cyane ku bucuruzi bwa 6G, none se iterambere ry’ibigo by’itumanaho rya satelite mu gihugu no mu mahanga rizagenda rite? Itumanaho ryo ku butaka n’iryo kuri satelite rizahuzwa vuba ryari?

Ubu ntabwo ikiri guverinoma y'igihugu nk'inganda zikomeye mu by'indege, hari ibigo bishya by'ubucuruzi byatangiye kugaragara bikurikirana mu myaka ya vuba aha, amahirwe n'imbogamizi biri ku isoko biracyahari, StarLink yitezweho gutanga serivisi muri uyu mwaka. Itangira ry'ingamba zo gutangira, inyungu, inkunga y'amafaranga, kugenzura ikiguzi, kumenya guhanga udushya no kuvugurura imikorere y'ubucuruzi byabaye urufunguzo rw'intsinzi y'ubucuruzi.

Hamwe n’uko isi ihuzwa, Ubushinwa buzazana igihe cy’ingenzi cy’iterambere ry’iyubakwa rya satelite yo mu kirere gito, kandi ibigo bya leta bizitabira iyubakwa rya satelite yo mu kirere gito nk’imbaraga nyamukuru. Kuri ubu, "ikipe y’igihugu" hamwe n’umushinga wa Hongyan Constellation of Aerospace Science and Industry hongyun, Xingyun; Hongyan Constellation of aerospace science and technology, yinhe aerospace nk’uhagarariye, yashinze inganda z’ibanze zishinzwe iyubakwa rya internet ya satelite. Ugereranyije n’imari shingiro y’abikorera ku giti cyabo, ibigo bya leta bifite inyungu zimwe na zimwe mu ishoramari ry’imari n’ubushobozi bwo kuzigama. Tuvuze ku iyubakwa rya sisitemu ya satelite ya Beidou Navigation, kwitabira "ikipe y’igihugu" bishobora gutuma Ubushinwa bukoresha internet ya satelite vuba kandi neza, bikishyura ibura ry’amafaranga mu ntangiriro z’iyubakwa rya satelite.

Mu bitekerezo byanjye, "ikipe y'igihugu" y'Ubushinwa n'ibigo byigenga byo kubaka uburyo bwa interineti ya satelite bishobora gukusanya byimazeyo umutungo rusange w'igihugu, kwihutisha iterambere ry'uruhererekane rw'inganda, kwihuta mu irushanwa mpuzamahanga kugira ngo bibone umwanya ukomeye, mu gihe kizaza inganda zikora ibikoresho byayo, ibikoresho bya terminale yo hagati n'ibikorwa byayo bizunguka. Mu 2020, Ubushinwa buzashyira "Internet ya satelite" mu bikorwa remezo bishya, kandi impuguke zivuga ko mu 2030, ingano yose y'isoko rya interineti ya satelite mu Bushinwa ishobora kugera kuri miliyari 100 z'amayuan.

Itumanaho ryo ku butaka n'iryo kuri satelite birahujwe.

Ishuri Rikuru ry’Itumanaho n’Itumanaho ry’Abashinwa rikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo mu kirere ryakoze ikizamini cy’uruhererekane rw’amajwi ya Leo, rigerageza sisitemu y’ibimenyetso ishingiye kuri 5 g, rica muri sisitemu y’itumanaho rya satelite na sisitemu y’itumanaho igendanwa yo ku butaka kubera itandukaniro ry’ibimenyetso, ikibazo cyo kwivanga bigoranye, ryabonye umuyoboro wa satelite wa Leo n’umuyoboro w’ubujyakuzimu bw’ubutaka wa 5 g, Ni intambwe y’ingenzi mu gukemura ikibazo cy’ikoranabuhanga rusange ry’umuyoboro w’isi n’isi mu Bushinwa.

Urukurikirane rw'ibizamini bya tekiniki bishingiye kuri satelite z'itumanaho za interineti zikoresha umuyoboro muto, sitasiyo z'itumanaho, ibyuma bya satelite na sisitemu zo gupima no kugenzura imikorere byakozwe ku giti cya Yinhe Aerospace, kandi byemezwa n'ibikoresho byihariye byo gupima n'ibikoresho byakozwe na Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ikoranabuhanga ry'Itumanaho n'Itumanaho ry'Abashinwa. Bihagarariwe na satelite ya Leo, bitewe n'uburyo yuzuye, uburyo bwinshi bwo gupima, gutinda amasaha, inyungu zihendutse, ntabwo byitezwe gusa ko ari 5 g na 6 g kugira ngo bigerweho igisubizo cy'umuyoboro w'itumanaho ku isi, kandi byitezwe ko bizaba ikigo cy'indege, itumanaho, n'inganda za interineti nk'icyitegererezo cy'ingenzi cyo guhuza.