Imijyi ifitanye isano yumujyi wubwenge uzana inzozi nziza. Mu migi nk'iyi, tekinoroji ya digital ifata imirimo myinshi y'abaturage yo kunoza imikorere myiza n'ubwenge. Bivugwa ko bitarenze 2050, 70% by'abatuye isi bazatura mu mijyi y'ubwenge, aho ubuzima buzaba buzima, bwishimye n'umutekano. Icy'ingenzi, isezeranya kuba ikarita y'icyatsi, ikirembo cya nyuma cy'abantu kurwanya irimbuka ry'urubutso.
Ariko imijyi yubwenge ni akazi gakomeye. Ikoranabuhanga rishya rirahenze, inzego z'ibanze zibuza, kandi politiki ihita igera ku matora magufi, bikagora kugera ku mirimo ikora ikoranabuhanga ndetse n'amafaranga yohereje mu mafranga yoherejwe ku isi cyane cyane cyangwa mu gihugu. Mubyukuri, ibyinshi mumijyi minini yubwenge mumutwe mubyukuri nicyegeranyo cyibihugu bitandukanye byikoranabuhanga hamwe nubusabane bwakarere, hamwe na bike kugirango utegereze kwaguka.
Reka turebe uduce dujugunywe hamwe na parikingi, bifite ubwenge hamwe na sensor hamwe nisesengura; Muri urwo rwego, garuka ku ishoramari (ROI) biragoye kubara no ku buryo bugoye, cyane cyane iyo ibigo bya leta bicibwa bugufi (hagati y'inzego za Leta n'inzego zigenga, ndetse no hagati yimijyi, imijyi, uturere). Reba igenzura ryiza; Biroroshye gute kubara ingaruka zumwuka mwiza kuri serivisi zubuzima mumujyi? Mu buryo bwumvikana, imijyi yubwenge iragoye kuyishyira mubikorwa, ariko nayo irahakana.
Hariho, ariko, urumuri rwumucyo mu gihu cy'impinduka za digitale. Kumurika kumuhanda muri serivisi zose za komine zitanga urubuga rwimijyi kugirango ubone imikorere yubwenge kandi ikongere porogaramu nyinshi kunshuro yambere. Reba imishinga itandukanye yo gucana ubwenge ku muhanda ishyirwa mu bikorwa muri San Diego muri Amerika na Copenhagen muri Danimarike, kandi bariyongereye. Iyi mishinga ihuza inzitizi za sensor hamwe na modular ibyuma bitondekanya inkingi zoroheje kugirango bibemerera kwigarurira kure kugirango bigerekaho kurera kure no gukora indi mirimo yimodoka, ndetse no muri leta yimbunda, ndetse nimbunda.
Kuva mu burebure bw'umucyo, imigi yatangiye gukemura "imivugo" y'umujyi ku muhanda, harimo no gutembera mu muhanda no kugenda, urusaku n'umwanda mu kirere, kandi bugaragara ku bucuruzi. Ndetse na parikingi, gakondo yashyinguwe muri parikingi, irashobora kuba ihendutse kandi ihujwe neza no gucamo ibikorwa remezo. Imijyi yose irashobora kuba ihuriro kandi inoze idacukura imihanda cyangwa gukodesha umwanya cyangwa gukemura ibibazo byo kubara ibintu bijyanye nubuzima bwiza kandi bifite umutekano.
Ibi bikora kuko, kubice byinshi, ibisubizo byubwenge birabazwa bitabarwa hamwe no kuzigama kubijyanye no kuzigama bivuye kubisubizo byubwenge. Ahubwo, imbaraga za revolution yimijyi ni ingaruka zimpanuka ziterambere ryigihe kimwe cyo gucana.
Kuzigama ingufu zo gusimbuza amatara ya incagescent hamwe na leta ikomeye yayoboye, hamwe nibikoresho byingufu byoroshye no gucana remezo yagutse, bituma imijyi miremire, ituma imijyi yubwenge ishoboka.
Umuvuduko wo guhinduka uyoboye umaze kumeneka, kandi amatara yubwenge aratera imbere. Amatara agera kuri 90% ya miliyoni 363 yo kumuhanda azamurikirwa na LEDS bitarenze 2027, nk'uko umusesengurazizi mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba, umusesenguzi w'ibikorwa remezo. Kimwe cya gatatu cyabo nacyo kizakoresha porogaramu zubwenge, icyerekezo cyatangiye mumyaka mike ishize. Kugeza gutera inkunga hamwe n'ibishushanyo mbonera bitangajwe, itara ryo kumuhanda rikwiranye nibikorwa remezo byurusobe rwikoranabuhanga butandukanye rya digitale mumijyi minini yubwenge.
Bika ibiciro bya LED
Ukurikije amategeko yintoki zasabwe numucyo hamwe nabakora neza, kumurika ubwenge birashobora kugabanya ibiciro byi remezo no kubungabunga ibiciro remezo bitarenze 50 kugeza kuri 70%. Ariko ibyinshi muri ibyo kuzigama (hafi 50 ku ijana, bihagije kugirango ugire icyo uhindura) ushobora kugerwaho gusa muguhinduranya gusa kumatara-ikora neza. Ibisigaye byo kuzigama biva mu guhuza no kugenzura abimurika no gutsinda amakuru yubwenge kubyerekeye uko bakora kumurongo wo gucana.
Guhindura hamwe no kwitegereza byonyine birashobora kugabanya cyane ibiciro byo kubungabunga. Hariho inzira nyinshi, kandi zuzuzanya: guteganya, kugenzura ibihe no guhindura igihe; Gusuzuma amakosa no kugabanya kwitabira ikamyo. Ingaruka ziriyongera hamwe nubunini bwumuyoboro wo gucana hanyuma usubira mu rubanza rwa mbere rwa Royi. Isoko rivuga ko ubu buryo bushobora kwishyura ubwabwo mu myaka igera kuri itanu, kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo kwishyura mugihe gito mu gushiramo ibitekerezo byubwenge, nkabafite pasika ya parike, ikurikirana rya traffic, igenzura ryimiturire.
Ubushishozi bushinzwe ubushishozi, gusesengura isoko, gukurikirana imijyi irenga 200 yo gupima umuvuduko w'impinduka; Ivuga ko kimwe cya kane cy'imijyi irimo kuzerera imiyoboro yubwenge. Kugurisha sisitemu yubwenge irareba. Ubushakashatsi bwa Ababara amafaranga yinjiza ku isi azasimbuka miliyari 1.7 z'amadolari saa 2026. "Umwanya w'amatara yisi" ni nkibi; Ibikorwa Remezo byo Kumurika kumuhanda, bifitanye isano rya bugufi nibikorwa byabantu, ni inzira igana nki platifomu yimijyi yubwenge mugihe cyagutse. NUMWAKA 2022, ibirenze bibiri bya gatatu byimiterere yumuhanda hazashyirwa ahagaragara ku rubuga rwo hagati yo guhuza amakuru ava mu makuru menshi y'ubwenge, Abi yavuze.
Adarnan, umusesenguzi w'ingenzi ku bushakashatsi bwa Abi, yagize ati: "Hariho amahirwe menshi y'ubucuruzi ku bikoresho byo mu mujyi wa ubwenge butera inkunga ibibazo byinshi bidahwitse ku gipimo cy'ibibazo byinshi ku rugero mu buryo buhebuje."
Ikibazo ntikikiriho niba cyo guhuza, ariko nigute, nuburyo bwo guhuza umwanya wambere. Nkuko krishnan yitegereza, igice cyibi kijyanye na moderi yubucuruzi, ariko amafaranga asanzwe atemba mumijyi yingirakamaro ya koperative (PPP), aho amasosiyete yigenga afata ibyago byubukungu mugusubiza intsinzi mumushinga wa Venture. Kwiyandikisha bishingiye kuri "AS-A-Service" ikwirakwiza ishoramari mugihe cyo kwishyura, nacyo gikorwa.
Ibinyuranye, ibara ry'umuhanda mu Burayi rirahujwe n'imiyoboro gakondo cy'ubuki (mubisanzwe 2g kugeza kuri lte (4G)) kimwe n'ubuki bushya bw'ikinyabuki, lte-m. Ikoranabuhanga rya Ultra-Narrowgand (UNB) naryo rishobora no gukina, hamwe na Zigbee, ikwirakwizwa rito rya bluetooth rito, na Iee 802.15.4 Ibikomokaho.
Ihuriro ryikoranabuhanga rya Bluetoth (sig) ryibanda cyane kumijyi yubwenge. Itsinda ryahanuye ko kohereza amashanyarazi make mu mijyi yumvikana bizakura mu myaka itanu iri imbere, bagera kuri miliyoni 230 ku mwaka. Benshi bafitanye isano no gukurikirana umutungo ahantu rusange, nkibibuga byindege, stade, ibitaro, amatungo ningoro ningoro ndangamurage. Ariko, ubutegetsi bwa Bluetooth buke nabwo bugamije kandi imiyoboro yo hanze. Ihuriro ry'ikoranabuhanga rya Transtion yagize ati: "Igisubizo cyo gucunga umutungo kitezimbere imikoreshereze y'umutungo wubwenge kandi ifasha kugabanya amafaranga yo gukora imijyi."
Guhuza tekinike zombi nibyiza!
Buri ikoranabuhanga rifite impaka, ariko, zimwe muri zo zakemuwe mu mpaka. Kurugero, UNB irasaba imipaka ihagaze kuri payload na gahunda yo gutanga, gutegeka inkunga ibangikanye kubisabwa byinshi bya sensor cyangwa kubisabwa nka kamera zibisaba. Ikoranabuhanga rigufi ryikoranabuhanga rirahendutse kandi ritanga ibyiciro byinshi kugirango uteze imbere itara nkibikoresho bya platifomu. Icy'ingenzi, barashobora kandi gukinira mu mugongo mu gihe wa Wan watsindiye ibimenyetso, kandi bagatanga uburyo ku bate abatekinisiye gusoma sensor mu buryo butaziguye basuzugura no gupima. Imbaraga-Imbaraga Bluetooth, kurugero, ikorana na buri terefone ku isoko.
Nubwo gride yo mu gitereko ishobora kuzamura ubugari, ubwubatsi bwayo bugenda bugoye kandi bugashyira ingufu zisumba izindi zisabwa kuri post-to-point. Intera yohereza nayo iratera ibibazo; Gutwikira ukoresheje Zigbee na Bluetooth-yamashanyarazi ni metero magana make gusa. Nubwo imyitwarire itandukanye yo guhatanira irushanwa kandi ikwiranye neza na grid ishingiye kuri grid, abaturanyi, bafunze imiyoboro yanyuma isaba gukoresha imikoreshereze yikirendiro kugirango isubiremo ibimenyetso bisubira mu gicu.
Ubuki buhuza mubisanzwe bwongewe kumpera. Inzira yo gucana ubwenge ni ugukoresha ibikoresho-kuri-gucuranga ubuki buhuza kugirango utange amarembo 5 kugeza kuri 15 kugeza 15 Ikoranabuhanga rya Beehive rizana intera nini noroshye; Itanga kandi imiyoboro ya-imiyoboro hamwe nurwego rwo hejuru rwumutekano, dukurikije umutiba.
Neill akiri muto, umuyobozi wa enterineti yibintu bihagaritse muri Gsma, umubiri winganda uhagarariye abakoresha ba mobile, bivuze ko umuyoboro w'ibihugu byose uhuza umutekano, ushobora gushyigikira ibikorwa byinshi byo guhuza umutekano, birashobora gushyigikira umubare munini wubuzima burebure bwa bateri kandi Kubungabunga bike kandi intera ndende yo kwandura ibikoresho bike. "
Abi bavuga ko ubushyuhe bwose bwo guhuza burahari, ubuki buzabona iterambere rikomeye mu myaka iri imbere. Buzz ibyerekeye imiyoboro ya 5G na stumble kwakira ibikorwa remezo bya 5G byatumye abashoramari bafata inkingi yoroheje no kuzuza ibice bito byubuki mubidukikije. Muri Amerika, Las Vegas na Sacramento barimo kohereza lte na 5g, kimwe na sensor yumujyi wa Smart, kumatara yumuhanda binyuze muri abatwara AT & T na Verizon. Hong Kong yashyize ahagaragara gahunda yo gushyiramo amatara 400 5G-ashoboza mu rwego rwa gahunda yayo yubwenge.
Kwishyira hamwe kwicyuma
Nielsen yongeyeho ati: "Nordic itanga urugero mu buryo bundi bushya kandi burebure. Ibyiza byahenze. "
Gutandukanya inshuro nyinshi bituma sisitemu itera kubana, hamwe nabambere biruka mu ruhushya-kubuntu 2.4GHZ band hamwe na nyuma yiruka aho l ho iherereye. Muburyo bwo hepfo no hejuru, hari ugutunganya ibicuruzwa hagati yububiko bwagutse nubushobozi bunini. Ariko mugukora platforms, tekinoroji yoroheje isanzwe ikoreshwa muguhuza sensor, imbaraga zo kubara kugerekanwa no kwitegereza no gusesengura ubuki, hamwe na sensommy iot yohereza amakuru mu gicu, hamwe na sensor kugenzura kurwego rwo kubungabunga.
Kugeza ubu, amaradiyo magufi na maradiyo ndende yongeweho ukundi, ntabwo yubatswe muri chip imwe ya silicon. Rimwe na rimwe, ibice biratandukanye kuko kunanirwa kwimirwa, sensor na radio bose bitandukanye. Ariko, guhuza amaradiyo duhurira muri sisitemu imwe bizavamo guhuza tekinoroji ya neza no kwishyira hamwe cyane no kugura amafaranga make, aribyo byingenzi mubitekerezo byubwenge.
Nordic atekereza ko isoko rigenda muri kiriya cyerekezo. Isosiyete yinjije mu buryo bugufi-incuro kandi ifite ubuki bwo guhuza tekinolojiya mu ibyuma na software ku rwego rw'abaterankunga kugira ngo abakora ibicuruzwa bishobore gukora icyarimwe muri porogaramu z'ikizamini. Ubuyobozi bwa Nordic DK kuri NRF9160 sip yagenewe abatera imbere "gukora ubuki bwa Honeycombs Porogaramu ya IOT"; Ikintu cya Nordic: 91 cyasobanuwe nk '"umurage wuzuye uhagurukiye amarembe" gishobora gukoreshwa nka platotyping ya prototyping off off cyangwa ibimenyetso bifatika kubishushanyo mbonera cyibicuruzwa.
Byombi biranga ibiranga ubuki nrf9160 sip na protocole nyinshi Sisitemu yometseho ikoranabuhanga byombi kubucuruzi bwa IOT ni "amezi" gusa mubucuruzi, ukurikije Nordic.
Nordic Nielsen yagize ati: "Urubuga rwumujyi wubwenge rwashyizweho itandukaniro ryikoranabuhanga ryibihugura; twatanze ibisobanuro kubijyanye nubucuruzi bwiterambere, ni ngombwa mu bisubizo by'ubucuruzi ni ngombwa."
Igihe cya nyuma: Werurwe-29-2022