Ku bijyanye no kwishyura bidashingiye ku bwishingizi, biroroshye gutekereza ku kwishyura ETC, bitanga uburyo bwo kwishyura feri y'imodoka binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rya RFID rikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya radio frequency. Hamwe no gukoresha neza ikoranabuhanga rya UWB, abantu bashobora kandi kubona uburyo bwo gushyira amarembo no kuyagabanya mu buryo bwikora iyo bagiye muri gari ya moshi.
Vuba aha, urubuga rwa bisi rwa Shenzhen “Shenzhen Tong” na Huiting Technology bashyize ahagaragara uburyo bwo kwishyura bwa UWB bwa “feri idakoresha umurongo” y’irembo rya gari ya moshi. Hashingiwe kuri sisitemu ya radiyo ya multi-chip complex, igisubizo gikoresha igisubizo cyuzuye cy’umutekano cya “eSE+ COS+NFC+BLE” cya Huiting Technology, kandi gitwara chip ya UWB kugira ngo imenye aho iherereye n’uburyo bwo kuyikorera mu mutekano. Binyuze kuri telefoni igendanwa cyangwa ikarita ya bisi iriho chip ya UWB, umukoresha ashobora kwimenyekanisha mu buryo bwikora iyo anyuze kuri feri, kandi akarangiza gufungura no gukata amafaranga y’urugendo.
Nk’uko ikigo kibitangaza, iyi serivisi ihuza NFC, UWB n’izindi porogaramu z’abashoferi muri chip ya Bluetooth SoC ifite ingufu nke, igabanya ingorane zo kuvugurura irembo binyuze mu guhindura modular, kandi ijyanye na THE NFC gate. Dukurikije ishusho yemewe, sitasiyo ya UWB igomba kuba iri ku irembo, kandi amafaranga yo kugabanya ni muri metero 1.3.
Ntibisanzwe ko UWB (ikoranabuhanga rya Ultra-wideband) rikoreshwa mu kwishyura bidashingiye ku bwishingizi. Mu imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga rya Beijing ryo mu Mujyi mu Kwakira 2021, Shenzhen Tong na VIVO bagaragaje kandi gahunda yo gukoresha "kwishyura RMB ya digitale idashingiye ku bwishingizi kuri feri ya gari ya moshi" hashingiwe ku ikoranabuhanga rya UWB, kandi bishyura bidashingiye ku bwishingizi binyuze kuri chip ya UWB + NFC itwarwa na VIVO. Mu ntangiriro za 2020, NXP, DOCOMO na SONY nabo basohoye imurikagurisha rishya rya UWB muri Mall, harimo kwishyura bidashingiye ku bwishingizi, kwishyura parikingi ku buryo bworoshye, na serivisi zo kwamamaza no kwamamaza neza.
Gushyira mu mwanya mwiza + Kwishyura mu buryo butari bwo, UWB yinjiye mu kwishyura kuri telefoni igendanwa
NFC, Bluetooth, na ir ni ingenzi mu bijyanye no kwishyura hafi ya field, NFC (ikoranabuhanga ry'itumanaho hafi ya field) kubera imiterere y'umutekano uri hejuru, ntabwo ikenera guhuzwa n'amashanyarazi, umuriro muri moderi zisanzwe ukoreshwa cyane muri telefoni zigendanwa, ahantu nka Buyapani na Koreya y'Epfo, telefoni zigendanwa za NFC zishobora gukoreshwa nk'igenzura ry'ubwikorezi ku kibuga cy'indege, ubwikorezi, urufunguzo rw'ikarita ya IC y'umurinzi w'inyubako, ikarita y'inguzanyo, ikarita yo kwishyura, nibindi.
Ikoranabuhanga rya UWB ultra-wideband, rifite imiterere ya nanosecond ya pulse signal (UWB-IR), hamwe na TOF, TDoA/AoA ranging algorithm, harimo umurongo w’amashusho (LoS) n’amashusho atari umurongo w’amashusho (nLoS) bishobora kugera ku buryo bwo gushyiramo amakuru neza. Mu nkuru zabanje, Iot Media yashyize ahagaragara porogaramu mu buryo burambuye mu gushyiramo amakuru neza imbere mu nzu, imfunguzo z’imodoka za digitale n’izindi nzego mu buryo burambuye. UWB ifite imiterere yo gushyiramo amakuru neza, umuvuduko wo kohereza amakuru menshi, kudahuza n’ibimenyetso no gufata amakuru, ibi biyiha inyungu zisanzwe mu gushyiramo amafaranga atari mu buryo bwo kwishyura.
Ihame ryo kwishyura mu buryo butagira ingaruka ku irembo rya gari ya moshi riroroshye cyane. Terefone zigendanwa n'amakarita ya bisi afite imikorere ya UWB bishobora gufatwa nk'ikimenyetso cya UWB. Iyo sitasiyo y'ibanze ibonye aho ikimenyetso giherereye, ihita ikifunga ikanagikurikira. UWB na chip y'umutekano ya eSE + NFC bihuza kugira ngo hagerwe ku kwishyura mu buryo bw'imari mu buryo butekanye.
Porogaramu ya NFC + UWB, indi porogaramu ikunzwe cyane ni urufunguzo rw'imodoka. Mu rwego rw'urufunguzo rw'ikoranabuhanga rw'imodoka, zimwe mu modoka zo hagati n'izo ku rwego rwo hejuru za BMW, NIO, Volkswagen n'izindi zakoresheje gahunda ya "BLE + UWB + NFC". Uburyo bwo kubona amakuru hakoreshejwe Bluetooth butuma UWB ibasha kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwo kuyakoresha, UWB ikoreshwa mu kumenya neza aho aherereye, naho NFC ikoreshwa nk'inyongera ku kibazo cy'umuriro ubura kugira ngo hagerwe ku buryo bwo kuyifungura mu gihe cy'intera zitandukanye n'uburyo bwo kuyitanga.
UWB Increment Space, Intsinzi cyangwa Kunanirwa Biterwa n'Uruhande rw'Abaguzi
Uretse kuba ifite aho iherereye neza, UWB inatangaje cyane mu kohereza amakuru ku buryo bwihuse cyane mu ntera ngufi. Ariko, mu rwego rwa interineti y’inganda, bitewe n’uko wi-fi, Zigbee, BLE n’izindi ngingo zikoreshwa mu buryo bwihuse zishyirwa ku isoko, UWB iracyashoboye gushyiramo amakuru neza mu nzu, bityo umubare w’abayikoresha mu isoko rya B-end uri mu mamiliyoni gusa, ariko ukaba utandukanye cyane. Isoko nk’iryo ry’imigabane rigoye abakora chips kugera ku ishoramari rirambye.
Bitewe n'ubusabe bw'inganda, interineti y'ibintu ya C-end ikoreshwa n'abaguzi yabaye urubuga rw'ingenzi mu bitekerezo by'inganda za UWB. Ibyuma by'ikoranabuhanga, tagi z'ikoranabuhanga, inzu nziza, imodoka nziza, n'uburyo bwo kwishyura mu mutekano byabaye ibintu by'ingenzi mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere rya NXP, Qorvo, ST n'ibindi bigo. Urugero, mu bijyanye no kugenzura uburyo bwo kwinjira mu rugo, kwishyura mu buryo butunguranye no mu nzu nziza, UWB ishobora guhindura imiterere y'urugo hakurikijwe amakuru y'indangamuntu. Mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, telefoni za UWB n'ibikoresho byazo bishobora gukoreshwa mu gushyira mu nzu, gukurikirana amatungo, no kohereza amakuru vuba.
Chen Zhenqi, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Newwick, ikigo cy’imbere mu gihugu cya UWB, yigeze kuvuga ko “telefone zigezweho n’imodoka, nk’ibikoresho by’ingenzi kandi by’ingenzi mu ikoranabuhanga rya interineti mu gihe kizaza kurusha ibindi byose, bizaba ari nabyo isoko rikomeye ry’ikoranabuhanga rya UWB”. Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya ABI cyahanuye ko telefoni zigezweho miliyoni 520 zikoresha UWB zizajya zoherezwa mu 2025, kandi 32.5% byazo zizahuzwa na UWB. Ibi biha abakora UWB byinshi byo gutekerezaho, kandi Qorvo yiteze ko kohereza UWB bizahura n’ikoreshwa rya Bluetooth mu gihe kizaza.
Nubwo icyizere cyo kohereza chips ari cyiza, Qorvo yavuze ko imbogamizi ikomeye ku nganda za UWB ari ukubura uruhererekane rwuzuye rw'inganda zo kuyishyigikira. Ibigo bikuru bya UWB birimo NXP, Qorvo, ST, Apple, Newcore, Chixin Semiconductor, Hanwei Microelectronics n'ibindi bigo, mu gihe igice cyo hagati gifite abakora module integration, abakora label base stations, telefoni zigendanwa n'abakora ibikoresho byo mu mpande.
Byihuse, ikigo gikomeje gukora chip ya UWB, umubare munini wa "MaoJian", ariko kiracyafite ubushobozi bwo kutagira imiterere ihamye ya chip, inganda ziracyafite imiterere ihamye yo gukora ibipimo ngenderwaho by’itumanaho nka Bluetooth, abacuruzi b’inganda bagomba gukoresha uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha, bigatuma umukoresha akoresha UWB inshuro nyinshi, uhereye ku musaruro, kugira ngo isoko rya UWB risa n’aho rihagaze ku ruhande rw’abaguzi.
Amaherezo
Ku ruhande rumwe, kwamamaza uburyo bwo kwishyura butagira ingaruka ku bwishingizi bwa UWB biterwa nuko telefoni zigendanwa zifite imikorere ya UWB yubatswemo zishobora gukururwa ku isoko. Muri iki gihe, ni zimwe muri terefone za Apple, Samsung, Xiaomi na VIVO gusa zishyigikira UWB, kandi OPPO inashyiraho gahunda ya "guhuza umurongo umwe" wa telefoni zigendanwa za UWB, bityo gukundwa kwa moderi n'abaturage biracyari bike. Haracyari ngombwa kureba niba ishobora kugera ku gukundwa kwa NFC muri telefoni zigendanwa, kandi kugera ku bunini bwa bluetooth biracyari icyerekezo. Ariko ukurikije "gutangira" kw'abakora telefoni ubu, umunsi wa UWB nk'uko bisanzwe ntuzaba uri kure cyane.
Ku rundi ruhande, hari udushya tudashira two gukoresha ibintu byinshi. UWB yo gukurikirana abaguzi, aho baherereye, kugenzura kure, kwishyura irimo kwaguka n'inganda zikora ibikoresho bya Apple: Airtag ya Apple, Igitoki kimwe cya Xiaomi, imfunguzo z'imodoka za digitale za NiO, aho Huawei ishyira ikimenyetso cyo guhuza imbere mu nzu, radar ya NXP ya ultra-wideband, kwishyura muri metro ya Huidong… Hasigaye gusa gahunda zitandukanye zo kongera inshuro abaguzi binjira, kugira ngo abaguzi bumve ko ikoranabuhanga n'ubuzima bihuriweho nta mupaka, bigatuma UWB iba ijambo rihagije ryo gusenya uruziga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-02-2022