Umwanditsi: Ulink Media
Kuva aho CSA Connectivity Standards Alliance (yahoze ari Zigbee Alliance) ishyiriye ahagaragara Matter 1.0 mu Ukwakira umwaka ushize, abakinnyi ba smart home mu gihugu no mu mahanga nka Amazon, Apple, Google, LG, Samsung, OPPO, Graffiti Intelligence, Xiaodu, n'abandi bihutishije iterambere ry'inkunga ya protocole ya Matter, kandi abacuruzi b'ibikoresho bya nyuma nabo barabikurikiranye cyane.
Muri Gicurasi uyu mwaka, Matter verisiyo ya 1.1 yasohotse, irushaho kunoza uburyo bwo gushyigikira no guteza imbere ibikoresho bikoresha bateri. Vuba aha, CSA Connectivity Standards Consortium yongeye gusohora Matter verisiyo ya 1.2. Ni izihe mpinduka ziheruka ku gipimo cya Matter cyavuguruwe? Ni izihe mpinduka ziheruka ku gipimo cya Matter cyavuguruwe? Ni gute isoko ry’amazu ry’Abashinwa rishobora kungukira ku gipimo cya Matter?
Hasi aha, ndasesengura aho Matter igeze ubu ndetse n'ingaruka ivugurura rya Matter1.2 rishobora kuzana ku isoko.
01 Ingaruka z'ibintu bitera imbaraga
Dukurikije amakuru aheruka ku rubuga rwemewe, CSA Alliance ifite abanyamuryango 33 batangije, kandi amasosiyete arenga 350 yamaze kugira uruhare rugaragara mu iterambere ry’urusobe rw’ibipimo ngenderwaho bya Matter. Inganda nyinshi zikora ibikoresho, ibidukikije, laboratwari zo gupima, n’abacuruzi ba chips, buri wese yagize uruhare mu gutuma ibipimo ngenderwaho bya Matter bigerwaho mu buryo bwe bwite ku isoko n’abakiriya.
Nyuma y'umwaka umwe gusa isohotse nk'iy'ingenzi mu rugo rugezweho, Matter standard yamaze gushyirwa muri chipset nyinshi, ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibikoresho, kandi yongerwa ku bindi bikoresho byinshi ku isoko. Kuri ubu, hari ibicuruzwa, porogaramu na porogaramu za Matter zirenga 1.800 zemejwe.
Ku mbuga zisanzwe, Matter isanzwe ikorana na Amazon Alexa, Apple HomeKit, Google Home na Samsung SmartThings.
Ku bijyanye n'isoko ry'Ubushinwa, hashize igihe ibikoresho bya Matter bikorerwa ku mugaragaro muri icyo gihugu, bituma Ubushinwa buba isoko rikomeye ry'inganda zikora ibikoresho muri uru rwego rwa Matter. Mu bicuruzwa birenga 1.800 byemewe n'amategeko n'ibice bya porogaramu, 60% ni ibyo mu Bushinwa.
Bivugwa ko Ubushinwa bufite uruhererekane rw’agaciro kuva ku bakora chips kugeza ku batanga serivisi, nka laboratwari zo gupima no gutanga ubuhamya ku bicuruzwa (PAAs). Kugira ngo byihutishe kugera kwa Matter ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa, CSA Consortium yashyizeho "CSA Consortium China Member Group" (CMGC) yihariye, igizwe n’abanyamuryango bagera kuri 40 bashishikajwe n’isoko ry’Ubushinwa, kandi yiyemeje guteza imbere ishyirwaho ry’amahame ngenderwaho yo guhuza no koroshya ibiganiro bya tekiniki ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa.
Ku bijyanye n'ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa bishyigikiwe na Matter, ubwoko bwa mbere bw'ibikoresho bishyigikiwe ni: amatara n'amashanyarazi (amatara, amasoko, swichi), uburyo bwo kugenzura HVAC, amarido n'amakarito, ingufuri z'inzugi, ibikoresho byo gukina itangazamakuru, umutekano n'umutekano n'ibikoresho byo kugenzura (amakuru y'inzugi, amaramuko), ibikoresho byo guhuza (amarembo), n'ibikoresho byo kugenzura (terefone zigendanwa, indangururamajwi zigezweho, n'ibikoresho byo hagati n'ibindi bikoresho bifite porogaramu yo kugenzura ihujwe).
Uko iterambere rya Matter rikomeza, rizajya rivugururwa rimwe cyangwa kabiri mu mwaka, aho amakuru avugururwa yibanda ku bintu bitatu by'ingenzi: inyongera nshya ku bintu (urugero: ubwoko bw'ibikoresho), kunoza imiterere ya tekiniki, no kunoza ubushobozi bwa SDK n'ibizamini.
Ku bijyanye n'uburyo Matter izakoreshwa, isoko ryizeye cyane Matter mu nyungu nyinshi. Ubu buryo buhuriweho kandi bwizewe bwo kugera kuri interineti ntabwo buzatuma ubunararibonye bw'abaguzi mu bijyanye n'inzu zigezweho buzamuka gusa, ahubwo buzanatera imbaraga abakora ubucuruzi bw'amazu n'ibigo bishinzwe imicungire y'inyubako kongera gusuzuma akamaro ko gushyiraho inzu zigezweho ku rwego runini, bigatuma inganda zirushaho kugira ingufu nyinshi.
Nk’uko bitangazwa na ABI Research, ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cy’umwuga, protocole ya Matter ni yo protocole ya mbere mu rwego rw’ingo zigezweho kandi zikunzwe cyane. Nk’uko bitangazwa na ABI Research, kuva mu 2022 kugeza mu 2030, ibikoresho bya Matter bingana na miliyari 5.5 bizoherezwa, kandi mu 2030, ibicuruzwa birenga miliyari 1.5 byemejwe na Matter bizajya byoherezwa buri mwaka.
Igipimo cy’ikwirakwizwa ry’ingo zigezweho mu turere nka Aziya Pasifika, Uburayi na Amerika y’Epfo kiziyongera vuba bitewe n’imbaraga zikomeye z’amasezerano ya Matter.
Muri rusange, bigaragara ko inyenyeri ya Matter idasubirwaho, ibi bikaba bigaragaza icyifuzo cy’isoko ry’amazu agezweho cyo kugira urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ruhuriweho.
02 Ahantu ho kunoza amasezerano mashya
Iyi Matter 1.2 yasohotse irimo ubwoko butandatu bushya bw'ibikoresho ndetse n'ivugurura n'inyongera ku byiciro by'ibicuruzwa bihari, ndetse n'ivugurura rikomeye ku bipimo bihari, SDK, politiki zo kwemeza n'ibikoresho byo gupima.
Ubwoko icyenda bushya bw'ibikoresho:
1. Frigo - Uretse kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'ibanze no kugenzura, ubwoko bw'igikoresho bukoreshwa no ku bindi bikoresho bifitanye isano nka firigo zikonjesha cyane ndetse na firigo za divayi na pickle.
2. Ibikoresho bikonjesha mu cyumba - Nubwo HVAC na thermostat byahindutse Matter 1.0, ibikoresho bikonjesha mu cyumba byigenga bifite ubushyuhe n'uburyo bwo kugenzura umufana ubu birashyigikiwe.
3. Utwuma twoza amasahani - Harimo ibintu by'ibanze nko gutangiza kure no kumenyesha aho ibintu bigeze. Inzogera zoza amasahani nazo zirashyigikiwe, zigasobanura amakosa yo gukora nk'amazi n'imiyoboro y'amazi, ubushyuhe, n'amakosa yo gufunga inzugi.
4. Imashini imesa - Imenyesha ry'aho ibintu bigeze, nko kurangiza imyitozo, rishobora koherezwa binyuze kuri Matter. Gusohora Matter bizashyigikirwa mu gihe kizaza.
5. Umusukura - Uretse ibintu by'ibanze nko gutangiza kure no kumenyesha aho ibintu bigeze, ibintu by'ingenzi nko gusukura (gusukura byumye ugereranije no koza amazi) n'ibindi bisobanuro birambuye (uko ibintu bimeze, raporo z'amakosa, uko ibintu bihagaze) birashyigikiwe.
6. Inzogera zo mu mwotsi na monoxide ya karuboni - Izi nzogera zizashyigikira amatangazo ndetse n'amajwi n'amashusho. Inzogera zijyanye n'uko bateri ihagaze n'amatangazo y'iherezo ry'ubuzima nazo zirashyigikiwe. Izi nzogera zishyigikira kandi kwipimisha. Inzogera zo mu mwotsi na monoxide ya karuboni zishyigikira kumenya uko ibintu byifashe nk'inyongera ku makuru.
7. Utumashini dupima ubuziranenge bw'umwuka - Utumashini dupima ubuziranenge bw'umwuka dufata kandi tugatanga raporo: PM1, PM 2.5, PM 10, CO2, NO2, VOC, CO, ozone, radon, na formaldehyde. Byongeye kandi, kongeramo udutsiko tw'utumashini dupima ubuziranenge bw'umwuka bituma ibikoresho bya Matter bitanga amakuru ya AQI hashingiwe ku hantu igikoresho giherereye.
8. Isukura umwuka - Isukura umwuka ikoresha ubwoko bw'igikoresho cya sensor y'ubuziranenge bw'umwuka kugira ngo itange amakuru ajyanye n'uburyo uhuzwa, kandi ikubiyemo n'ibindi bikoresho nk'abafana (birakenewe) n'ibyuma bipima umwuka (ntabwo ari ngombwa). Isukura umwuka ikubiyemo kandi kugenzura umutungo ukoreshwa, ikamenyesha uko icyuma gihuzwa (HEPA na filters za karuboni zikoreshwa muri 1.2).
9. Abafana -Matter 1.2 irimo inkunga y'abafana nk'ubwoko butandukanye bw'igikoresho cyemejwe. Abafana ubu bashyigikira ingendo nka Rock/Oscillate n'uburyo bushya nka Natural Breeze na Sleep Breeze. Izindi nyongera zirimo ubushobozi bwo guhindura icyerekezo cy'umwuka (imbere n'inyuma) n'amabwiriza yo gutera intambwe kugira ngo bahindure umuvuduko w'umwuka.
Inyongera z'ibanze:
1. Ingufuri z'Inzugi za Latch - Inyongera ku isoko ry'i Burayi zigaragaza imiterere isanzwe y'ingufuri za latch na bolt.
2. Imiterere y'igikoresho - Hashyizweho ibisobanuro ku miterere y'igikoresho kugira ngo ibikoresho bisobanurwe hakurikijwe ibara ryabyo n'uko bikora. Ibi bizatuma habaho imiterere myiza y'ibikoresho ku bakiriya bose.
3. Imiterere y'ibikoresho n'aho bigarukira - Ibikoresho ubu bishobora kuba bigizwe n'imiterere igoye y'aho bigarukira, bigatuma habaho icyitegererezo nyacyo cy'ibikoresho, switch nyinshi n'amatara menshi.
4. Ibirango by'amarangamutima - Bitanga uburyo bwo gusobanura amatsinda asanzwe n'aho ibintu bigarukira n'imikorere y'amarangamutima kugira ngo habeho gutanga no gukoresha neza mu bakiriya batandukanye. Urugero, ibirango by'amarangamutima bishobora gukoreshwa mu kwerekana aho ibintu biherereye n'imikorere ya buri buto kuri remote control ifite utubuto twinshi.
5. Ibisobanuro rusange by'imiterere y'imikorere y'igikoresho - Kugaragaza uburyo butandukanye bw'imikorere y'igikoresho mu buryo rusange bizoroshya gukora ubwoko bushya bw'igikoresho Matters mu isohoka ry'ejo hazaza kandi bitume abakiriya batandukanye bagishyigikira.
Inyongera zo mu jisho: SDK y'ingenzi n'ibikoresho byo gupima
Matter 1.2 izamura cyane gahunda yo gupima no kwemeza kugira ngo ifashe amasosiyete kubona ibicuruzwa byayo (ibikoresho, porogaramu, chipset na porogaramu) ku isoko vuba. Izi ntambwe zizagirira akamaro umuryango mugari w’abakora porogaramu n’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima bya Matter.
Inkunga nshya ya Platform muri SDK - The Matter 1.2 SDK ubu iraboneka kuri platform nshya, iha abakora porogaramu uburyo bwinshi bwo kubaka ibicuruzwa bishya bakoresheje Matter.
Uburyo bwo Gupima Ibintu Byongerewe - Ibikoresho byo gusuzuma ni ingenzi cyane mu gushyira mu bikorwa neza amabwiriza n'imikorere yayo. Ibikoresho byo gusuzuma ubu biraboneka binyuze mu buryo bufunguye, bikorohereza abakora porogaramu za Matter gutanga umusanzu wabo kuri ibyo bikoresho (birushaho kuba byiza) no kwemeza ko bakoresha verisiyo igezweho (ifite imikorere yose n'udukosa).
Nk’ikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku isoko, ubwoko bushya bw’ibikoresho, imikorere n’ivugurura bituma biba isoko ry’ibisobanuro bya Matter ni umusaruro w’ubwitange bw’ibigo bigize sosiyete mu byiciro bitandukanye byo guhanga, gushyira mu bikorwa no kugerageza. Vuba aha, abanyamuryango benshi bateraniye hamwe kugira ngo bagerageze verisiyo ya 1.2 ahantu habiri mu Bushinwa no mu Burayi kugira ngo bemeze ibivugururwa biri muri ibyo bisobanuro.
03 Ishusho isobanutse y'ejo hazaza
Ni ibihe bintu byiza?
Kuri ubu, inganda nyinshi zo mu gihugu zitabiriye gutangiza no kwamamaza Matter, ariko ugereranyije n'uburyo ikoranabuhanga ryo mu mahanga rikoresha uburyo bwa smart home, ibigo byo mu gihugu bisa nkaho byitonze mu gihe bitegereje. Uretse impungenge ku bijyanye no kugabanuka kw'isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu ndetse n'igiciro kinini cy'impamyabumenyi isanzwe, hari kandi impungenge ku kugorwa no gusangira interineti mu buryo bunyuranye.
Ariko nanone, hari ibintu byinshi bigirira akamaro isoko ry’Ubushinwa.
1. Ubushobozi bwuzuye bw'isoko ry'amazu agezweho bukomeje gusohora
Dukurikije imibare ya Statista, biteganijwe ko mu 2026, isoko ry’amazu agezweho mu gihugu riteganijwe kugera kuri miliyari 45.3 z’amadolari. Ariko, igipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’amazu agezweho mu Bushinwa cya 13% kiracyari ku rwego rwo hasi, aho ibyiciro byinshi by’amazu agezweho bifite igipimo cy’ubwiyongere kiri munsi ya 10%. Abahanga mu nganda bemeza ko hamwe n’ishyirwaho rya politiki z’igihugu ku bijyanye n’imyidagaduro yo mu ngo, gusaza no kuzigama ingufu za karuboni ebyiri, guhuza amazu agezweho n’ubwiyongere bwayo bishobora guteza imbere iterambere rusange ry’inganda zigezweho mu ngo.
2. Matter ifasha ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse (SMEs) gukoresha amahirwe mashya y'ubucuruzi "mu nyanja".
Muri iki gihe, inzu zigezweho zo mu rugo zikunze kwibanda ku isoko ry’amazu, urwego rurerure n’andi masoko mbere yo gushyirwaho, mu gihe abaguzi b’abanyamahanga bakunze gufata iya mbere yo kugura ibicuruzwa byo kwishyiriraho ibikoresho. Ibikenewe bitandukanye ku masoko yo mu gihugu no mu mahanga nabyo bitanga amahirwe atandukanye ku bakinnyi bo mu gihugu mu byiciro bitandukanye by’inganda. Hashingiwe ku miyoboro y’ikoranabuhanga rya Matter n’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, ishobora gushyira mu bikorwa imikoranire no gukorana kw’inzu zigezweho mu buryo butandukanye, ibi bikaba bishobora gufasha ibigo bito n’ibiciriritse kubona amahirwe mashya y’ubucuruzi, kandi mu gihe kizaza, uko urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima rugenda rukura buhoro buhoro kandi rukura, bikekwa ko ruzarushaho kugaburira isoko ry’abaguzi b’inzu zigezweho zo mu gihugu. By’umwihariko, udushya twose dushingiye ku hantu abantu batuye tuzaba ingirakamaro cyane.
3. Imiyoboro itari kuri interineti yo guteza imbere ubunararibonye bw'umukoresha
Muri iki gihe, isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu ryibanda cyane ku bikoresho byo kujya mu mahanga, ariko nyuma y’icyorezo, umubare munini w’inganda zikora ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga ndetse n’ibikoresho birimo gushyira imbaraga mu gukurura amaduka adafite ibikoresho. Hashingiwe ku kubaka ibidukikije mu iduka, kuba hari Matter bizatuma ubunararibonye bw’abakoresha buzamuka cyane, ibikoresho by’umwimerere byo mu isanzure ntibishobora kugera ku ntego yo guhuza ibintu byarushijeho kuba byiza, bityo bigatuma abaguzi bagera ku rwego rwo hejuru rwo kugura hashingiwe ku bunararibonye nyakuri.
Muri rusange, agaciro ka Matter kari mu ngero nyinshi.
Ku bakoresha, kuza kwa Matter bizatuma abakoresha babona amahitamo menshi, batagishobora kubuzwa n’imikorere y’ibirango kandi barusheho guha agaciro ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa, ubwiza, imikorere n’ibindi bipimo.
Ku bijyanye n'ibidukikije by'inganda, Matter yihutisha guhuza urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima by'amazu agezweho ku isi n'ibigo, kandi ni umusemburo w'ingenzi wo kuzamura isoko ryose ry'amazu agezweho.
Mu by’ukuri, kugaragara kwa Matter si inyungu ikomeye ku nganda zikora ibikoresho byo mu rugo bigezweho gusa, ahubwo bizaba kimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi bizatera "igihe gishya" cya IoT mu gihe kizaza bitewe n’iterambere ry’ikirango n’iterambere ryuzuye ry’uruhererekane rw’agaciro rwa IoT.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-26-2023