Umwimerere: Ulink Media
Umwanditsi: 旸谷
Vuba aha, isosiyete ikora imashanyarazi ya NXP yo mu Buholandi, ku bufatanye n’isosiyete yo mu Budage Lateration XYZ, yungutse ubushobozi bwo kugera ku ntera ya milimetero ihagaze neza y’ibindi bikoresho bya UWB n’ibikoresho hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya ultra-Broadband. Iki gisubizo gishya kizana uburyo bushya kubintu bitandukanye bisaba umwanya uhagije no gukurikirana, bikerekana iterambere ryingenzi mumateka yiterambere rya tekinoroji ya UWB.
Mubyukuri, urwego rwa UWB rufite uburebure bwa santimetero, murwego rwo guhagarara rwakozwe vuba, kandi igiciro kinini cyibikoresho nacyo giha abakoresha nabatanga ibisubizo kubabaza uburyo bwo gukemura ibiciro nibibazo byoherejwe. Muri iki gihe "kuzunguruka" kurwego rwa milimetero, birakenewe? Na milimetero-urwego UWB izazana amahirwe yo kwisoko?
Kuki milimetero-nini ya UWB bigoye kuyigeraho?
Nkibisobanuro bihanitse, byukuri-byukuri, umutekano-uhagaze neza, hamwe nuburyo butandukanye, UWB imbere mu nzu irashobora kwerekana ko igera kuri milimetero cyangwa na micrometero neza, ariko mubikorwa byoherejwe, yagumye kuri santimetero igihe kirekire, cyane cyane bitewe kubintu bikurikira bigira ingaruka kumyizerere nyayo ya UWB:
1. Ingaruka yuburyo bwa sensor yoherejwe uburyo bwo guhagarara neza
Muburyo nyabwo bwo guhitamo neza-gukemura inzira, kwiyongera kwumubare wa sensor bisobanura kwiyongera kwamakuru arenze, kandi amakuru akungahaye arashobora kurushaho kugabanya ikosa ryimyanya. Nyamara, imyanya ihagaze neza ntabwo yiyongera hamwe na sensor nziza nziza, kandi iyo umubare wa sensor wongerewe kugeza ku mubare runaka, umusanzu wukuri uhagaze ntabwo ari munini hamwe no kwiyongera kwa sensor. Kandi kwiyongera k'umubare wa sensor bisobanura igiciro cyibikoresho byiyongera. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwo kubona uburinganire hagati yumubare wa sensororo hamwe nukuri neza, bityo rero gushyira mu gaciro ibyuma bya UWB nibyo byibandwaho mubushakashatsi ku ngaruka ziterwa na sensor ku mwanya uhagaze neza.
2. Ingaruka zingaruka nyinshi
Ibimenyetso bya UWB ultra-wideband byerekana ibimenyetso bigaragazwa kandi bigahinduka nibidukikije nkurukuta, ibirahure, nibintu byo murugo nka desktop mugihe cyo gukwirakwiza, bikavamo ingaruka nyinshi. Ikimenyetso gihinduka mubukererwe, amplitude, na fase, ibyo bigatuma ingufu ziyongera kandi igabanuka ryikigereranyo cy-urusaku, biganisha ku kuba ikimenyetso cya mbere cyagezweho kitari mu buryo butaziguye, gitera amakosa atandukanye no kugabanuka kwukuri. . Kubwibyo, guhagarika neza ingaruka zinyuranye zirashobora kunoza imyanya ihagaze, kandi uburyo bugezweho bwo guhagarika inzira nyinshi burimo UMUZIKI, ESPRIT, hamwe nubuhanga bwo gutahura.
3. Ingaruka za NLOS
Gukwirakwiza umurongo-wo-kureba (LOS) nicyo cyambere, kandi gisabwa kugirango hamenyekane neza ibisubizo byerekana ibipimo byerekana ibimenyetso, mugihe imiterere iri hagati yintego igendanwa igendanwa na sitasiyo fatizo idashobora kubahirizwa, ikwirakwizwa ryikimenyetso rishobora kuba gusa Byarangiye munsi yumurongo-wo-kubona ibintu nko kugabanuka no gutandukana. Muri iki gihe, igihe cyambere cyo kuza kwa pulse ntikigaragaza agaciro nyako ka TOA, kandi icyerekezo cyambere cyahageze ntabwo ari agaciro nyako ka AOA, bizatera ikosa ryimyanya runaka. Kugeza ubu, uburyo nyamukuru bwo gukuraho ikosa ritari umurongo-wo-kureba ni uburyo bwa Wylie nuburyo bwo kurandura.
4. Ingaruka z'umubiri w'umuntu ku mwanya uhagaze neza
Ikintu cyingenzi kigize umubiri wumuntu ni amazi, amazi kumurongo wa UWB utagira simusiga bigira ingaruka zikomeye zo kwinjirira, bikavamo imbaraga zerekana ibimenyetso, gutandukanya amakuru, no kugira ingaruka kumwanya wanyuma
5. Ingaruka zerekana ibimenyetso byinjira
Ikimenyetso icyo aricyo cyose cyinjira murukuta nibindi bice bizacika intege, UWB nayo ntisanzwe. Iyo umwanya wa UWB winjiye murukuta rusanzwe rw'amatafari, ibimenyetso bizacika intege hafi kimwe cya kabiri. Impinduka mugihe cyo kohereza ibimenyetso bitewe nurukuta rwinjira nabyo bizagira ingaruka kumwanya uhagaze.
Bitewe numubiri wumuntu, ibimenyetso byinjira byazanywe nukuri kwingaruka biragoye kuzenguruka, NXP hamwe nisosiyete yo mubudage LaterationXYZ bizanyura mubisubizo bishya bya sensor imiterere kugirango bitezimbere ikoranabuhanga rya UWB, ntihabayeho kwerekana neza ibisubizo bishya. , Nshobora kurekurwa gusa kurubuga rwemewe rwa NXP ingingo za tekiniki zashize kugirango nkore ibitekerezo.
Kubijyanye no gushishikarizwa kunoza ukuri kwa UWB, ndizera ko iyi ari iyambere muri NXP nkumukinnyi wambere wambere ku isi wa UWB guhangana n’abakora ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu muri iki gihe bakora udushya twinshi mu bihe byacitse ndetse no kwirwanaho mu buhanga. N'ubundi kandi, ikoranabuhanga rya UWB ririho riracyari mu majyambere y'iterambere, kandi ikiguzi, imikoreshereze, hamwe n’igipimo kijyanye nacyo ntikiramenyekana neza, muri iki gihe, abakora mu gihugu bahangayikishijwe cyane n’ibicuruzwa bya UWB vuba bishoboka. no gukwirakwiza, gufata isoko, ntugire umwanya wo kwita kubyukuri bya UWB kugirango tunoze udushya. NXP, nkumwe mubakinnyi bakomeye mubijyanye na UWB, ifite ecosystem yibicuruzwa byuzuye kimwe nimyaka myinshi yo guhinga byimbitse imbaraga za tekiniki zegeranijwe, byoroshye gukora UWB udushya.
Icya kabiri, NXP kuriyi nshuro yerekeza kuri milimetero urwego rwa UWB, irabona kandi imbaraga zitagira akagero ziterambere ryigihe kizaza cya UWB kandi yizera ko kunonosora neza bizazana ibisabwa bishya kumasoko.
Njye mbona, kuzamuka kwa UWB bizakomeza gutera imbere hamwe no guteza imbere 5G "ibikorwa remezo bishya", no kurushaho kwagura ibikorwa byayo mu rwego rwo kuzamura inganda zo kongera ingufu za 5G.
Mbere, murusobekerane rwa 2G / 3G / 4G, ibintu byerekanwe kuri terefone byibanze cyane cyane kumuhamagara wihutirwa, kubona aho byemewe n'amategeko, hamwe nibindi bisabwa, ibyangombwa bisabwa ntabwo biri hejuru, hashingiwe kumyirondoro ya selile ya selile kuva kuri metero icumi kugeza kuri magana ya metero. Mugihe 5G ikoresha uburyo bushya bwa coding, guhuza urumuri, antenne nini nini, milimetero yumurambararo wa milimetero, hamwe nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga, umurongo mugari wawo hamwe na tekinoroji ya antenna, bitanga urufatiro rwo gupima intera ihanitse no gupima impande zose. Kubwibyo, urundi ruzinduko rwa UWB murwego rwo kwizerwa rushyigikiwe nigihe kijyanye nigihe cyashize, urufatiro rwikoranabuhanga, hamwe nuburyo buhagije bwo gukoresha, kandi iyi UWB yerekana neza ko ishobora kubonwa nkibishushanyo mbonera kugirango habeho kuzamura ubwenge bwa digitale.
Ni ayahe masoko Millimeter UW izafungura?
Kugeza ubu, isoko rya UWB rirangwa ahanini na B-gutatanya no kwibanda kuri C-end. Mubisabwa, B-iherezo ifite imikoreshereze myinshi, na C-end ifite umwanya utekereza wo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro. Njye mbona, udushya twibanda kumikorere yimyanya ishimangira ibyiza bya UWB muburyo busobanutse neza, butazana gusa intambwe ishimishije mubikorwa bisanzwe ahubwo binatanga amahirwe kuri UWB yo gufungura umwanya mushya wo gusaba.
Ku isoko rya B-end, kuri parike, inganda, inganda, nibindi bihe, ibidukikije bidafite umugozi mukarere kacyo birashidikanywaho, kandi birashobora kuba byemewe neza, mugihe ibishusho nkibi bikomeza icyifuzo gihamye cyo kumenya neza imyanya ihagaze, cyangwa izahinduka milimetero-urwego UWB izahita igamije inyungu zisoko.
Mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, hamwe no guteza imbere iyubakwa ry’amabuye y’ubwenge, igisubizo cyo guhuza "5G + UWB imyanya" gishobora gutuma sisitemu yubucukuzi bwubwenge ihagarara neza mugihe gito cyane, ikagera ku guhuza neza imyanya ihamye no gukoresha ingufu nke, kandi menya ibiranga neza cyane, ubushobozi bunini nigihe kirekire cyo guhagarara, nibindi. Muri icyo gihe, hashingiwe ku micungire y’umutekano w’ikirombe, irashobora gukoreshwa mu kurinda umutekano w’ikirombe no gucunga umutekano w’ikirombe. Muri icyo gihe, hashingiwe ku cyifuzo gikomeye cyo gucunga umutekano w’amabuye y'agaciro, UWB izanakoreshwa mu micungire ya buri munsi y’abakozi, hamwe n’imodoka. Kugeza ubu, igihugu gifite igipimo runaka cy’ibirombe by’amakara bigera ku 4000 cyangwa birenga, kandi ikigereranyo gisabwa kuri buri sitasiyo y’ibanze y’amakara kigera ku 100 cyangwa hafi yacyo, aho dushobora kugereranya ko ibisabwa kuri sitasiyo y’amakara ari hafi. 400.000, umubare w'abacukura amakara muri rusange abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 4 cyangwa barenga, ukurikije ikirango cy'umuntu 1, icyifuzo cya UWB kiranga miliyoni 4 cyangwa zirenga. Nk’uko abakoresha amaherezo bagura igiciro kimwe cy’isoko, isoko yamakara mu isoko rya UWB "base station + tag" isoko ryibikoresho bigera kuri miliyari 4 z'umusaruro.
Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro no gucukura ibintu bisa nkaho bishobora guteza ibyago byinshi no kuvoma peteroli, amashanyarazi, inganda z’imiti, nibindi, imicungire yumutekano ikenewe kugirango ibibanza bishoboke neza ni byinshi, UWB ihagaze neza kugirango milimetero izamuke bizafasha gushimangira ibyiza byayo muri utwo turere.
Mu nganda zikora inganda, ububiko, hamwe n’ibikoresho, UWB yabaye igikoresho cyo kugabanya ibiciro no gukora neza. Abakozi bakoresha ibikoresho byabigenewe hamwe na tekinoroji ya UWB barashobora kumenya neza no gushyira ibice bitandukanye; iyubakwa rya sisitemu yo gucunga ihuza ikoranabuhanga rya UWB mu micungire yububiko irashobora kugenzura neza ubwoko bwose bwibikoresho n’abakozi mu bubiko mu gihe gikwiye, kandi bikagerwaho no kugenzura ibarura, imicungire y’abakozi, kandi icyarimwe bikagera no ku bikoresho bitagira abadereva kandi bitarimo amakosa. kugurisha binyuze mubikoresho bya AGV, bishobora kuzamura cyane umusaruro.
Mubyongeyeho, milimetero gusimbuka UWB irashobora kandi gufungura porogaramu nshya mubijyanye no gutwara gari ya moshi. Kugeza ubu, gahunda ya gari ya moshi ikora cyane cyane ishingiye kumyanya ya satelite kugirango irangire, kubidukikije bya tunnel munsi yubutaka kimwe ninyubako ndende zo mumijyi miremire, kanyoni, nibindi bice, aho satelite ikunda kunanirwa. Ikoranabuhanga rya UWB muri gari ya moshi CBTC ihagaze no kugendagenda, inkingi mukwirinda kugongana no kugongana hakiri kare, guhagarika gari ya moshi neza, nibindi, birashobora gutanga ubufasha bwizewe bwa tekiniki bwumutekano no kugenzura ubwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi. Kugeza ubu, ubu buryo bwo gusaba mu Burayi no muri Amerika bwakwirakwije imanza zisaba.
Ku isoko rya C-terminal, UWB itomoye kugeza kuri milimetero kurwego rwo kuzamura izafungura ibintu bishya bitari urufunguzo rwa digitale aho imodoka igeze. Kurugero, parikingi ya valet yikora, kwishyura byikora, nibindi. Muri icyo gihe, hashingiwe ku buhanga bw’ubwenge bw’ubukorikori, burashobora kandi kuza "kwiga" imiterere yimikoreshereze yimikoreshereze yimikorere, hamwe no kunoza imikorere yubuhanga bwo gutwara bwikora.
Mu rwego rwa elegitoroniki y’abaguzi, UWB irashobora kuba ikoranabuhanga risanzwe rya terefone zigendanwa munsi yimivurungano yimodoka yimfunguzo zimodoka. Usibye gufungura umwanya mugari wa porogaramu yo guhitamo no gushakisha ibicuruzwa, iterambere rya UWB rirashobora kandi gufungura umwanya mushya wo gukoresha ibikoresho. Kurugero, Urutonde rwukuri rwa UWB rushobora kugenzura neza intera iri hagati yibikoresho, kugirango uhindure iyubakwa ryukuri ryerekanwe, kumikino, amajwi, na videwo kugirango uzane uburambe bwiza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-04-2023