Muri iki gihe cy’ubu, ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu mu rugo birimo "guhuza." Reka turebe uburyo uruganda rukora ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu mu rugo rwongereye ubushobozi bwarwo mu gukoresha IoT (Internet of Things) kugira ngo rugaragare ku isoko kandi ruhuze n’ibyo abakoresha ba buri munsi ndetse n’abakora mu nganda bakeneye.
Intego y'umukiriya: Gukora ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu "by'ubwenge"
Uyu mukiriya yibanda ku gukora ibikoresho bito byo kubika ingufu mu rugo—tekereza ku bikoresho bibika amashanyarazi mu rugo rwawe, nk'ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu bya AC/DC, sitasiyo z'amashanyarazi zigendanwa, na UPS (amashanyarazi adashobora gucika burundu atuma ibikoresho byawe bikomeza gukora mu gihe cy'ibura ry'amashanyarazi).
Ariko iki ni iki: Bashakaga ko ibicuruzwa byabo bitandukanye n'ibyo bahanganye na byo. Ikirenzeho, bifuzaga ko ibikoresho byabo bikora neza na sisitemu zo gucunga ingufu zo mu rugo ("ubwonko" bugenzura ikoreshwa ry'ingufu zose zo mu rugo rwawe, nko guhindura igihe imirasire y'izuba yawe ikoresha umuriro cyangwa igihe firigo yawe ikoresha ingufu zibitse).
None se, gahunda yabo nini? Ongeramo uburyo bwo guhuza insinga ku bicuruzwa byabo byose hanyuma ubihinduremo ubwoko bubiri bwa verisiyo zigezweho.
Verisiyo ebyiri zigezweho: Ku bakoresha n'abahanga
1. Verisiyo y'Ubucuruzi (Ku bakoresha buri munsi)
Ibi ni iby'abantu bagura ibikoresho byo mu ngo zabo. Tekereza ufite sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi igendanwa cyangwa bateri yo mu rugo—ukoresheje Verisiyo y'Ubucuruzi, ihuzwa na seriveri y'ibicu.
Ibyo bivuze iki kuri wewe? Ubona porogaramu ya terefone igufasha:
- Shyiraho (nk'uguhitamo igihe cyo gusharija bateri, wenda mu masaha atari ay'umuvuduko kugira ngo uzigame amafaranga).
- Bigenzure mu buryo bwihuse (bifungure/bizime ku kazi niba wibagiwe).
- Reba amakuru y'igihe nyacyo (ingufu zisigaye, uburyo zishyushya vuba).
- Reba amateka (ingufu wakoresheje icyumweru gishize zingana iki).
Nta kundi kugenda ujya kuri igikoresho ngo ukande buto—ibintu byose biri mu mufuka wawe.
2. Verisiyo y'umushinga (Ku banyamwuga)
Iyi ni iy’abahuza sisitemu—abantu bubaka cyangwa bacunga sisitemu nini z’ingufu mu ngo (nk’amasosiyete ashyiraho imirasire y’izuba + ububiko + thermostat nziza mu ngo).
Verisiyo y'Umushinga itanga ubworoherane: Ibikoresho bifite imikorere idakoresha insinga, ariko aho gufungirwa muri porogaramu imwe, abahuza porogaramu bashobora:
- Hubaka seriveri cyangwa porogaramu zabo bwite.
- Shyira ibikoresho muri sisitemu zisanzwe zo gucunga ingufu z'urugo (kugira ngo ububiko bukore neza na gahunda rusange y'ingufu z'urugo).
Uko Babishoboye: Ibisubizo bibiri bya IoT
1. Igisubizo cya Tuya (Ku bijyanye n'ubucuruzi)
Bafatanyije n'ikigo cy'ikoranabuhanga cyitwa OWON, cyakoresheje module ya Tuya ya Wi-Fi ("chip" nto yongeraho Wi-Fi) maze gihuza n'ibikoresho byo kubika amakuru binyuze kuri UART port (aho amakuru yoroshye, nka "USB ya mashini").
Iyi link yemerera ibikoresho kuvugana na seriveri ya Tuya yo mu bicu (bityo amakuru agenda impande zombi: igikoresho cyohereza amakuru mashya, seriveri yohereza amabwiriza). OWON yanakoze porogaramu yiteguye gukoreshwa—ku buryo abakoresha basanzwe bashobora gukora byose bari kure, nta kazi k'inyongera gakenewe.
2. Igisubizo cya MQTT API (Kuri verisiyo y'umushinga)
Kuri verisiyo ya pro, OWON yakoresheje module yabo ya Wi-Fi (iracyahujwe na UART) maze yongeraho MQTT API. Tekereza API nk'"iremote isanzwe" - ireka sisitemu zitandukanye zivugana.
Hamwe n'iyi API, abahuza bashobora gusimbuka umuhuza: Seriveri zabo bwite zihuza neza n'ibikoresho byo kubika. Bashobora kubaka porogaramu zihariye, guhindura porogaramu, cyangwa gushyira ibikoresho mu buryo bwabo bwo gucunga ingufu z'urugo—nta mbogamizi ku buryo bakoresha ikoranabuhanga.
Impamvu ibi ari ingenzi ku mazu agezweho
Mu kongeramo ibintu bya IoT, ibicuruzwa by'uyu mukinnyi ntabwo ari "udusanduku tubika amashanyarazi" gusa. Ni bimwe mu bigize urugo rufitanye isano:
- Ku bakoresha: Koroshya, kugenzura, no kuzigama ingufu (nk'ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi abitswe mu gihe amashanyarazi ahenze).
- Ku bahanga: Kubasha gukora sisitemu z'ingufu zihariye zijyanye n'ibyo abakiriya babo bakeneye.
Muri make, byose bigamije gutuma ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu birushaho kuba byiza, ingirakamaro, kandi byiteguye ahazaza h’ikoranabuhanga ryo mu rugo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-20-2025