Itumanaho rya Zigbee na Z-Wave rishobora kugera he?

Intangiriro

Sobanukirwa nukuri kwisi kwisiZigbeenaZ-Waveimiyoboro mesh ningirakamaro mugushushanya sisitemu yubwenge yizewe. Nubwo protocole zombi zongerera itumanaho binyuze meshi ya mesh, yaboibiranga n'imbogamizi zifatikabitandukanye.
Aka gatabo gatanga incamake yuzuye yibintu bigira ingaruka kumurongo, ibikorwa biteganijwe gukwirakwizwa, hamwe ningamba zagaragaye zo kunoza imiyoboro yizewe - igufasha kubaka urusobe rwimikorere myiza kandi nini.

1. Urubuga shingiro

Imiyoboro ya mesh ni ishingiro ryukuntu Zigbee na Z-Wave bagera murugo rwose. Bitandukanye na sisitemu ya point-to-point sisitemu, imiyoboro mesh ituma ibikoresho bivugana ubufatanye, gushirahoinzira-nyinshi zamakuruibyo byongera ubudahangarwa no kwagura urwego rusange.

Amahame remezo ya Mesh Network

Imiyoboro meshi ikora ku ihame ryukoburi gikoresho gishobora gukora nkinkomoko yamakuru kandi nkicyerekezokubandi. Iyi mikorere yo kwishyiriraho ituma ubutumwa bugera aho bugana binyuze munzira nyinshi, kunoza kwihanganira amakosa no kwagura imiyoboro igera.

Ubwoko bw'Uruhare n'inshingano

Muri sisitemu zombi Zigbee na Z-Wave, ibikoresho byashyizwe mubikorwa ninshingano zabo:

• Umuhuzabikorwa / Umugenzuzi:Gucunga umuyoboro no kuyihuza na sisitemu yo hanze.

• Ibikoresho bya Router:Kohereza amakuru kubindi bice mugihe ukora imirimo yabo.

• Ibikoresho byanyuma:Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa na bateri kandi wishingikiriza kuri router kugirango itumanaho.

Itumanaho rya Multi-Hop

Inyungu nyamukuru yimiyoboro mesh irikwanduza byinshi- amakuru arashobora "hop" binyuze mubikoresho byinshi kugirango agere iyo yerekeza. Buri hop iragura intera irenze umurongo-wo-kureba, ariko ibyiringiro byinshi byongera ubukererwe nibishobora gutsindwa. Mubimenyerezo, imiyoboro ikoresha hops nkeya kuruta theoretical maximum.

Ubushobozi bwo Kwikiza

Imiyoboro mesh irashoboraHindura mu buryo bwikoraku mpinduka z’ibidukikije, nko kunanirwa ibikoresho cyangwa kwivanga. Iyo inzira yatoranijwe itaboneka, sisitemu ivumbura inzira zindi kandi ivugurura imbonerahamwe. Iyi mikorere yo kwikiza ningirakamaro mugukomeza itumanaho rihamye mubidukikije.

2. Ibiranga Zigbee

Zigbee ikorera muriItsinda rya ISM 2.4GHz, ishingiye kuri IEEE 802.15.4 ikoranabuhanga ridafite umugozi. Gusobanukirwa nukuri kwisi kwisi ni urufunguzo rwo gutegura imiyoboro myiza no gushyira ibikoresho.

Ibiteganijwe Gupfukirana

Imikorere ya Zigbee itandukanye nibisubizo nyabyo byisi. Gutegura imiyoboro bigomba guhora bishingiyeamakuru afatika.

• Urwego rwo mu nzu:Mubisanzwe murugo, ibikoresho byinshi bya Zigbee bitanga aintera yizewe ya metero 10–20 (metero 33-65). Urukuta n'ibikoresho birashobora gukurura cyangwa kwerekana ibimenyetso. Igorofa nini cyangwa igoye igenera inzira zinyongera.

• Urwego rwo hanze:Mugihe gifunguye, ntakumirwa, Zigbee irashobora kugeraMetero 30-50 (metero 100-165). Ibimera, ubutaka, nikirere birashobora kugabanya intera kuburyo bugaragara.

• Itandukaniro ry'akarere:Igipfukisho kirashobora gutandukana biteweimipaka igenga imbaraga. Kurugero, Iburayi byohereza imipaka ntarengwa biri munsi yutundi turere.

Kwizera Kubara no Kwagura Umuyoboro

Gusobanukirwa na Zigbee ibyiringiro ni ingenzi kumiyoboro minini.

• Theoretical vs Ibyiringiro Byukuri:Mugihe igipimo cya Zigbee cyemerera kugeza30 hops, ibyinshi mubikorwa byubucuruzi bigarukira kuri5-10yo kwizerwa.

• Ibitekerezo by'imikorere:Ibyiringiro birenze urugero byerekana ubukererwe no kugabanya kwizerwa. Kunoza imiterere yawegabanya hopsmunzira zikomeye zirasabwa.

Ibiranga umurongo wa Frequency

Ikwirakwizwa rya bande ya 2.4GHz bigira ingaruka ku mikorere.

• Impirimbanyi zo kwamamaza:Tanga impirimbanyi hagati yo kwinjira no kwaguka, bikwiranye nubwenge bwinshi bwo murugo.

• Gucunga ibikorwa:Itsinda rya 2.4GHz ryuzuzanya n’itanura rya Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, na microwave. Igenamigambiimiyoboro idahwitse ya Wi-Fi (1, 6, 11)irashobora kugabanya kwivanga na Zigbee.

3. Z-Umuhengeri Urwego Ibiranga

Z-Wave ikorera muriItsinda rya Sub-GHz(868 MHz i Burayi, 908 MHz muri Amerika ya Ruguru), ukoresheje inyubako ya mesh itandukanye na Zigbee. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ni ngombwa kugirango ugereranye neza.

Ibyiza bya Sub-GHz

Ibikorwa bya Z-Wave bike-bitanga inyungu nyinshi zingenzi:

• Kwinjira hejuru:Imirongo yo hasi inyura kurukuta no hasi hasi cyane kuruta imirongo myinshi, itanga ubwishingizi bukomeye murugo.

• Urwego rufatika:Mubisanzwe murugo,Metero 15-30 (metero 50-100)birashoboka; hanze,Metero 50-100 (metero 165-330)mubihe byiza.

• Kwivanga guke:Itsinda rya Sub-GHz rifite umuvuduko muke ugereranije na 2.4GHz yuzuye, bituma itumanaho rihamye kandi ryagutse.

Z-Umuyoboro wububiko

Z-Wave ikoresha uburyo bwihariye bwa mesh bugira ingaruka no gukwirakwiza.

• Inkomoko y'inzira hamwe na Frames ya Frames:Gakondo Z-Wave ikoresha isoko yohereza (uwayohereje asobanura inzira yuzuye), mugihe ibikorwa bishya bitangizaIkadiri, Gushoboza inzira igenda ivumburwa.

• Imipaka ya Topologiya:Bisanzwe Z-Wave ishyigikira kugeza4 hopsnaIbikoresho 232kuri buri muyoboro. Ibi bikomeza guhuzagurika ariko birashobora gusaba imiyoboro myinshi mubice binini.

• Z-Umuhengeri muremure (LR):Kubana hamwe na Z-Wave isanzwe kandi ishyigikiwekugera kuri km 2naIbikoresho 4000, ugamije ubucuruzi nubunini bunini bwa IoT.

4. Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku isi yose

Imikorere ya Zigbee na Z-Wave byombi biterwa nibidukikije na tekiniki. Gusobanukirwa ibi bifashagutezimbere no gukemura ibibazo.

Inzitizi zifatika nibikoresho byubaka

Ibidukikije bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku gukwirakwiza simusiga.

• Ibikoresho byo ku rukuta:Kuma n'ibiti bitera igihombo gito, mugihe beto, amatafari, hamwe nicyuma gishimangira ibyuma birashobora guhuza ibimenyetso cyane. Amakadiri yicyuma arashobora guhagarika byimazeyo.

• Kwinjira mu igorofa:Ihererekanyabubasha ryanyuze mu igorofa cyangwa mu gisenge mubisanzwe biragoye kuruta gukwirakwiza horizontal.

• Ibikoresho n'ibikoresho:Ibikoresho binini byuma cyangwa byuzuye birashobora gukora igicucu cyerekana ibimenyetso na zone zigaragaza.

Inkomoko yo Kwivanga no Kugabanya

Kwivanga kwa electromagnetic birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere.

• Kubana na Wi-Fi:Imiyoboro ya 2.4GHz ya Wi-Fi irashobora guhuzagurika na Zigbee. Gukoresha imiyoboro ya Wi-Fi idahuzagurika (1, 6, 11) bigabanya amakimbirane.

• Ibikoresho bya Bluetooth:Kuba hafi ya transmitter ya Bluetooth birashobora guhagarika itumanaho rya Zigbee mugihe cyibikorwa byinshi.

• Amashyiga ya Microwave:Gukorera kuri 2.45GHz, birashobora gutera Zigbee guhagarika by'agateganyo hafi.

5. Gutegura Urusobe no Kwipimisha

Igenamigambi ryiza rirasabagusesengura urubuga no kwemeza umurimagukumira ibibazo bizahuza.

Gusuzuma Urubuga no Gutegura

Isuzuma ryuzuye ryibidukikije ni ishingiro ryo gukwirakwiza neza.

• Isesengura ry'igifuniko:Sobanura ahantu hasabwa, ubwoko bwibikoresho, hamwe nubunini buzaza - harimo igaraje, hasi, na zone yo hanze.

• Ikarita yo Kubangamira:Kora igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana inkuta, ibikoresho, hamwe nicyuma. Menya inzira nyinshi cyangwa intera ndende yo gutumanaho.

• Isuzumabumenyi:Menya inkomoko idahwitse cyangwa rimwe na rimwe nka Wi-Fi n'ibikoresho bya Bluetooth.

Kwipimisha Umurima

Kwipimisha byemeza ko gahunda yawe iteganijwe ihuza nibikorwa-byisi.

• Kugerageza Ibikoresho-Kuri-Igikoresho:Kugenzura guhuza ahantu hateganijwe kwishyiriraho, no kumenya uduce duto.

• Kugenzura Imbaraga Zikimenyetso:Koresha ibikoresho byo gucunga imiyoboro kugirango ukurikirane ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso kandi byizewe. Hubs nyinshi zitanga imiyoboro yo kwisuzumisha.

• Kwipimisha Stress:Kwigana kwivanga-kuremereye ibidukikije (urugero, amasoko menshi ya Wi-Fi) kugirango ugerageze kwihangana.

6. Ingamba zo Kwagura Urwego

Iyo umuyoboro usanzwe wa mesh udakwira ahantu hose, uburyo bukurikira burashobora kwagura intera no kunoza ubwizerwe.

Kohereza ibikoresho

Kohereza ibikoresho bya router neza nuburyo bwiza bwo kwagura.

• Ibikoresho bikoresha inzira:Amacomeka yubwenge, guhinduranya, nibindi bicuruzwa bifite ingufu bikora nka router kugirango ishimangire zone nke.

• Abasubiramo Biyeguriye:Bamwe mubakora batanga ibyasubiwemo gusa kugirango bagure intera.

• Ibikoresho by'ikiraro:Kubyambukiranya cyangwa intera ndende, guhuza imbaraga-ikiraro gihuza hamwe na antenne yazamuye nibyiza.

Umuyoboro wa Topologiya

Gutezimbere topologiya itezimbere urwego no kwizerwa.

• Inzira Zirenze:Tegura inzira nyinshi kugirango utezimbere kwihanganira amakosa.

• Kugabanya ibyiringiro bya Hop:Ibyiringiro bike bigabanya ubukererwe no gutsindwa.

• Kuringaniza imizigo:Gukwirakwiza traffic mu buryo buringaniye kugirango wirinde icyuho.

7. Gukurikirana imikorere no gukoresha neza

Gukomeza gukurikirana no kubungabunga ni ngombwa mu gukomeza ubuzima bwurusobe.

Igenzura ry'ubuzima bw'urusobe

Kurikirana ibi bipimo kugirango umenye kwangirika hakiri kare.

• Gukurikirana Ikimenyetsokugirango umenye intege nke.

• Isesengura ryizewe ryitumanahogushakisha ibikoresho bidakora neza.

• Gukurikirana Baterikwemeza imikorere ihamye - voltage nto irashobora kugira ingaruka kumashanyarazi.

Gukemura Ibibazo Urwego

• Kumenyekanisha Kwivanga:Koresha isesengura ryisesengura kugirango umenye inkomoko.

• Igenzura ryubuzima bwibikoresho:Kugenzura buri gihe imikorere yibikoresho.

• Ibikoresho byo gukoresha imiyoboro:Buri gihe koresha imikorere ya hub yawe kugirango igarure imbonerahamwe.

8. Ibitekerezo bizaza hamwe nubwihindurize

Umuyoboro udafite insinga zikomeje gutera imbere, gusobanura urwego no gukorana.

Ubwihindurize

• Iterambere rya Zigbee:Ubusobanuro bushya bwa Zigbee butezimbere kwivanga, gukora neza, no gukora ingufu.

• Iterambere rya Z-Wave:Gutezimbere harimo ibipimo bihanitse byamakuru, umutekano ukomeye, hamwe nubushobozi bwa mesh.Z-Wave LRyagura imikoreshereze yimishinga minini yubucuruzi.

Imikoranire no Kwishyira hamwe

Urugo rwubwenge rwibinyabuzima rugenda ruganaubufatanye bw'ikoranabuhanga ryinshi.

• Urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima:Ikirangantego gisanzwe kiraro Zigbee, Z-Wave, nibindi binyuze mumahuriro ahuza - bituma imiyoborere ihuriweho nta guhuza protocole.

• Hubs nyinshi za protocole:Abagenzuzi ba kijyambere ubu bahuza tekinoroji nyinshi, bahuza imbaraga za Zigbee na Z-Wave mubisubizo bivangwa.

Umwanzuro

ByombiZigbeenaZ-Wavetanga itumanaho ryizewe kumazu yubwenge hamwe na sisitemu ya IoT.
Urwego rwabo rwiza rushingiyeibidukikije, ingamba zo kohereza, hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera.

• Zigbeeitanga imikorere yihuse kandi yagutse yibidukikije.

• Z-Waveitanga urwego rwo hejuru rwinjira kandi rurerure Sub-GHz ituje.

Hamwe noguteganya neza, topologiya itezimbere, hamwe no kuvanga imvange, urashobora kugera kumurongo mugari, udashobora kwihanganira gukwirakwiza bikwiranye nimishinga yo guturamo nubucuruzi.