Niba ubuhanga bw'ubukorano bufatwa nk'urugendo kuva kuri A ujya kuri B, serivisi ya mudasobwa ikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo mu bicu ni ikibuga cy'indege cyangwa sitasiyo ya gari ya moshi yihuta cyane, naho serivisi ya mudasobwa ikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo mu bicu ni tagisi cyangwa igare rihuriweho. Serivisi ya mudasobwa iri hafi y'abantu, ibintu, cyangwa amasoko y'amakuru. Ikoresha urubuga rufunguye ruhuza ububiko, imibare, uburyo bwo kugera kuri interineti, n'ubushobozi bw'ibanze bwo gutanga serivisi ku bakoresha hafi aho. Ugereranyije na serivisi za mudasobwa ikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo mu bicu, serivisi ya mudasobwa ikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo mu bicu ikemura ibibazo nko gutinda igihe kirekire no guhurira hamwe cyane, itanga ubufasha bwiza kuri serivisi zisaba igihe nyacyo n'izisaba ikoranabuhanga ryo mu bicu.
Inkongi y'umuriro ya ChatGPT yateje urujya n'uruza rw'iterambere rya AI, yihutisha ukwinjira kwa AI mu bice byinshi by'ikoreshwa nko mu nganda, mu maduka, mu mazu agezweho, mu mijyi igezweho, nibindi. Amakuru menshi agomba kubikwa no kubarwa ku mpera y'ikoreshwa, kandi kwishingikiriza ku bicu byonyine ntibishobora guhaza ibyifuzo nyabyo, edge computing irushaho kunoza kilometero ya nyuma y'ikoreshwa rya AI. Muri politiki y'igihugu yo guteza imbere ubukungu bw'ikoranabuhanga ku buryo bukomeye, cloud computing y'Ubushinwa yinjiye mu gihe cy'iterambere ryuzuye, edge computing irazamuka, kandi guhuza cloud edge na end byabaye icyerekezo cy'ingenzi mu gihe kizaza.
Isoko ry’ikoranabuhanga rya Edge rizakura ku kigero cya 36.1% mu myaka itanu iri imbere
Inganda zikora ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga rya edge computing zinjiye mu cyiciro cy’iterambere rihamye, nk’uko bigaragazwa n’ubwiyongere bw’abatanga serivisi zabo, ingano y’isoko igenda ikura, ndetse no kwaguka kw’ahantu hakoreshwa serivisi. Ku bijyanye n’ingano y’isoko, amakuru aturuka muri raporo ya IDC yerekana ko ingano rusange y’isoko rya seriveri za edge computing mu Bushinwa yageze kuri miliyari 3.31 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu 2021, kandi ingano rusange y’isoko rya seriveri za edge computing mu Bushinwa yitezweho kwiyongera ku gipimo cy’ubwiyongere bwa 22.2% buri mwaka kuva mu 2020 kugeza mu 2025. Sullivan ateganya ko ingano y’isoko rya edge computing mu Bushinwa yitezwe kugera kuri miliyari 250.9 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu 2027, aho CAGR ya 36.1% kuva mu 2023 kugeza mu 2027.
Inganda zikora ibijyanye n'ibidukikije muri Edge computing ziratera imbere
Ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga rya Edge computing buri mu ntangiriro z'icyorezo, kandi imbibi z'ubucuruzi mu ruhererekane rw'inganda ziragoye cyane. Ku bacuruzi ku giti cyabo, ni ngombwa gusuzuma uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu n'ubucuruzi, kandi ni ngombwa kugira ubushobozi bwo guhuza n'impinduka mu bucuruzi uhereye ku rwego rwa tekiniki, kandi ni ngombwa no kwemeza ko hari urwego rwo hejuru rw'ubuhuza n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ndetse n'ubushobozi bw'ubuhanga mu gutunganya imishinga.
Uruhererekane rw'inganda zikora mudasobwa mu nganda rugabanyijemo abacuruza mudasobwa mu nganda, abacuruza porogaramu mu nganda, abakora ibikoresho bya mudasobwa, n'abatanga ibisubizo. Abacuruza mudasobwa mu nganda ahanini bakora porogaramu z'amakuru kuva ku ruhande rumwe kugeza ku rundi, kandi uretse porogaramu zo ku ruhande rumwe, banakora amakarita yo kwihutisha no gushyigikira porogaramu zikora porogaramu. Abacuruza porogaramu bafata porogaramu zo kureba mudasobwa nk'ishingiro ryo kubaka porogaramu rusange cyangwa izisanzwe, kandi hari n'ibigo bikora amashami ya porogaramu cyangwa urubuga rwo guhugura no gushishikariza. Abacuruza ibikoresho barimo gushora imari mu bikoresho bya mudasobwa mu nganda, kandi ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa bya mudasobwa mu nganda buhora bukungahazwa, buhoro buhoro bugakora umurundo wuzuye w'ibicuruzwa bya mudasobwa mu nganda kuva kuri mudasobwa kugeza kuri mudasobwa yose. Abatanga serivisi z'ibisubizo batanga porogaramu cyangwa porogaramu zihujwe n'ibikoresho ku nganda runaka.
Porogaramu z'inganda za Edge computing zihuta
Mu rwego rw'umujyi w'ubwenge
Ubugenzuzi bwuzuye bw'umutungo w'umujyi bukunze gukoreshwa mu buryo bwo kugenzura intoki, kandi uburyo bwo kugenzura intoki bufite ibibazo by'ibiciro bitwara igihe kinini kandi bisaba abakozi benshi, kwishingikiriza ku bantu ku giti cyabo, ubwinshi bw'amakuru n'igenzura buke, ndetse no kugenzura ubuziranenge. Muri icyo gihe kandi, uburyo bwo kugenzura bwanditse amakuru menshi, ariko ayo makuru ntiyahinduwe imitungo y'amakuru kugira ngo ubucuruzi burusheho gutera imbere. Binyuze mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya AI mu kugenzura itumanaho rya telefoni zigendanwa, ikigo cyashyizeho uburyo bwo kugenzura ikoranabuhanga rya AI mu miyoborere y'umujyi, bukoresha ikoranabuhanga nka interineti y'ibintu, ikoranabuhanga rya cloud computing, algorithms za AI, kandi butwara ibikoresho by'umwuga nka kamera zigezweho, ecrans ziri mu ndege, na seriveri za AI, kandi buhuza uburyo bwo kugenzura bwa "systeme y'ubwenge + imashini y'ubwenge + ubufasha bw'abakozi". Buteza imbere impinduka mu miyoborere y'imijyi kuva ku gukoresha abakozi benshi kugera ku bwenge bwa mekanike, kuva ku gusuzuma ibintu mu buryo bw'ubuhanga kugeza ku gusesengura amakuru, no kuva ku gusubiza mu buryo butunguranye kugeza ku kuvumbura ibintu mu buryo bufatika.
Mu rwego rw'ahantu h'ubwubatsi bw'ubwenge
Ibisubizo by’inyubako z’ubwenge bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rya Edge computing bikoresha uburyo bwimbitse bwo guhuza ikoranabuhanga rya AI n’akazi gasanzwe ko kugenzura umutekano w’inganda z’ubwubatsi, binyuze mu gushyira ikigo cy’isesengura rya AI ku nyubako, kurangiza ubushakashatsi bwigenga no guteza imbere algorithme z’ubuhanga bwa AI bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga ry’ubuhanga bwa videwo, kumenya igihe cyose ibintu bigomba kugaragara (urugero, kumenya niba ugomba kwambara ingofero), gutanga abakozi, ibidukikije, umutekano n’izindi serivisi zo kumenya aho umutekano ushobora guhurira n’impanuka no kwibutsa ko hari ibiza, no gufata iya mbere mu kumenya ibintu bihungabanya umutekano, kurinda AI mu buryo bw’ubwenge, kuzigama ikiguzi cy’abakozi, kugira ngo harebwe ibyo abakozi n’umutungo bakeneye mu gucunga umutekano w’ahantu h’ubwubatsi bakeneye.
Mu rwego rwo gutwara abantu mu buryo bw'ubwenge
Imiterere y’ibice by’ikoranabuhanga (cloud-side-end) yabaye inkingi y’ibanze yo gushyira porogaramu mu nganda zikora ubwikorezi bw’ubwenge, aho uruhande rw’ibice by’ikoranabuhanga (cloud) rushinzwe gucunga neza no gutunganya amakuru, uruhande rw’ikoranabuhanga (edge-side) rutanga ahanini isesengura ry’amakuru ku ruhande rw’ikoranabuhanga (edge-side) no kuyatunganya mu gufata ibyemezo, naho uruhande rw’ikoranabuhanga (end-side-end) rushinzwe cyane cyane gukusanya amakuru y’ubucuruzi.
Mu bihe byihariye nko guhuza ibinyabiziga n'imihanda, aho inzira zihurira, gutwara imodoka mu buryo bwikora, ndetse n'ingendo za gari ya moshi, hari umubare munini w'ibikoresho bitandukanye biboneka, kandi ibi bikoresho bisaba gucunga uburyo bwo kwinjira, gucunga inzira yo gusohoka, gutunganya inzogera, no gutunganya imikorere no kubungabunga. Ikoranabuhanga rya Edge rishobora kugabanya no gutsinda, rigahinduka rito, rigatanga imirimo yo guhindura protocole mu byiciro bitandukanye, kugera ku buryo bumwe kandi buhamye bwo kwinjira, ndetse no kugenzura amakuru atandukanye mu buryo buhuriweho.
Mu rwego rw'inganda zikora
Uburyo bwo kunoza imikorere y'umusaruro: Muri iki gihe, umubare munini wa sisitemu zitandukanye z'inganda zigorwa no kuba amakuru atuzuye, kandi imikorere rusange y'ibikoresho n'andi makuru y'ibipimo ntabwo ari myiza cyane, bigatuma bigorana kuyakoresha mu kunoza imikorere. Urubuga rwa Edge computing rushingiye ku gishushanyo cy'amakuru y'ibikoresho kugira ngo hagerwe ku rwego rw'isesengura ry'uburyo bw'inganda, itumanaho ritambitse n'itumanaho rihagaze, hashingiwe ku buryo bwo gutunganya amakuru mu gihe nyacyo kugira ngo hakusanyirizwe kandi hasesengurwe umubare munini w'amakuru agezweho mu gihe nyacyo, kugira ngo hagerwe ku guhuza amakuru menshi ashingiye ku gishushanyo mbonera, kugira ngo habeho inkunga ikomeye y'amakuru mu gufata ibyemezo muri sisitemu zitandukanye z'inganda.
Uburyo bwo kubungabunga ibikoresho mbere y’igihe: Gusana ibikoresho by’inganda bigabanyijemo ubwoko butatu: Gusana ibikoresho byo mu nganda, Gusana mbere y’igihe, no Gusana mbere y’igihe. Gusana mbere y’igihe ni ukwangiza ibintu nyuma y’igihe, Gusana mbere y’igihe, no Gusana mbere y’igihe ni ukwangiza ibintu mbere y’igihe, ubwa mbere bushingiye ku gihe, imikorere y’ibikoresho, imiterere y’aho byabereye, n’ibindi bintu bituma ibikoresho bibungabungwa buri gihe, hashingiwe ku bunararibonye bw’abantu, ubwa kabiri binyuze mu gukusanya amakuru ya sensor, gukurikirana imikorere y’ibikoresho mu buryo nyabwo, hashingiwe ku buryo bw’inganda bwo gusesengura amakuru, no kumenya neza igihe bizabera.
Isuzuma ry’ubuziranenge bw’inganda: ishami rigenzura icyerekezo cy’inganda ni ryo genzura rya mbere risanzwe ry’ikoranabuhanga (AOI) rishyirwa mu ishami rigenzura ubuziranenge, ariko iterambere rya AOI kugeza ubu, mu buryo bwinshi bwo kubona inenge n’ibindi bintu bigoye, bitewe n’ubusembwa bw’ubwoko butandukanye, gukuramo ibintu ntibirarangira, algorithme zihindagurika ntizishobora kwaguka neza, umurongo w’umusaruro uvugururwa kenshi, kwimuka kwa algorithme ntabwo bihinduka, n’ibindi bintu, sisitemu isanzwe ya AOI yagoranye guhaza iterambere ry’ibikenewe ku murongo w’umusaruro. Kubwibyo, urubuga rwa algorithme rugenzura ubuziranenge bw’inganda ruhagarariwe n’ubumenyi bwimbitse + ubumenyi buto burimo gusimbura gahunda isanzwe yo kugenzura amashusho, kandi urubuga rwa algorithme rugenzura ubuziranenge bw’inganda rwanyuze mu byiciro bibiri bya algorithme za kera zo kwiga imashini na algorithme zo kugenzura ubumenyi bwimbitse.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-08-2023