Nk’uko raporo y’isoko ry’ubukorano bw’inganda n’ubukorano bw ...
Ubuhanga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina (AI) buri kugaragara nk'ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi ku nganda n'ibigo by'ingufu ku isi yose, kandi isesengura rya IoT riteganya ko isoko ry'ibisubizo by'ubuhanga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina (AI) mu nganda rizagaragaza igipimo gikomeye cy'izamuka ry'ibiciro nyuma y'icyorezo (CAGR) cya 35% kikazagera kuri miliyari 102.17 z'amadolari mu 2026.
Igihe cy'ikoranabuhanga cyabyaye interineti y'ibintu. Biragaragara ko kugaragara k'ubwenge bw'ubukorano byihutishije umuvuduko w'iterambere rya interineti y'ibintu.
Reka turebere hamwe zimwe mu mpamvu zitera kwiyongera kwa AI na AIoT mu nganda.
Ikintu cya 1: Ibikoresho byinshi bya porogaramu za AIoT z'inganda
Mu 2019, ubwo isesengura rya Iot ryatangiraga gusesengura ubuhanga bwa AI mu nganda, hari hasigaye ibikoresho bike bya porogaramu za AI bivuye mu bacuruzi b'ikoranabuhanga rikora (OT). Kuva icyo gihe, abacuruzi benshi ba OT binjiye ku isoko rya AI binyuze mu guteza imbere no gutanga ibisubizo bya porogaramu za AI mu buryo bwa platforms za AI ku ruganda.
Dukurikije amakuru, abacuruzi hafi 400 batanga porogaramu za AIoT. Umubare w'abacuruzi ba porogaramu binjiye ku isoko rya AI mu nganda wiyongereye cyane mu myaka ibiri ishize. Mu bushakashatsi, IoT Analytics yasanze abatanga ikoranabuhanga rya AI 634 ku bakora/abakiriya b'inganda. Muri ayo masosiyete, 389 (61.4%) batanga porogaramu za AI.
Urubuga rushya rwa porogaramu za AI rwibanda ku bidukikije by'inganda. Uretse Uptake, Braincube, cyangwa C3 AI, umubare munini w'abacuruzi b'ikoranabuhanga rikora (OT) barimo gutanga porogaramu za AI zihariye. Ingero zirimo isesengura ry'inganda rya ABB rya Genix na AI, icyiciro cya Rockwell Automation cya FactoryTalk Innovation, urubuga rwa Schneider Electric rwonyine rutanga inama ku bijyanye n'inganda, ndetse vuba aha, n'inyongera zihariye. Zimwe muri izi porogaramu zibanda ku buryo butandukanye bwo gukoresha. Urugero, urubuga rwa ABB rwa Genix rutanga isesengura rigezweho, harimo porogaramu na serivisi byubatswe mbere byo gucunga imikorere, ubusugire bw'umutungo, kuramba no kunoza imikoreshereze y'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa.
Ibigo binini birimo gushyira ibikoresho byabyo bya porogaramu za AI ku isoko.
Kuboneka kw'ibikoresho bya porogaramu za AI kandi biterwa n'ibikoresho bishya bya porogaramu byihariye byakozwe na AWS, amasosiyete manini nka Microsoft na Google. Urugero, mu Kuboza 2020, AWS yasohoye Amazon SageMaker JumpStart, umwihariko wa Amazon SageMaker utanga ibisubizo byubatswe mbere kandi bishobora guhindurwa ku bikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa mu nganda, nka PdM, ikoranabuhanga rya mudasobwa, no gutwara imodoka mu buryo bwikora, Deploy ukoresheje akantu gato gusa.
Ibisubizo bya porogaramu zijyanye n'uburyo bwo gukoresha biri gutuma habaho kunoza uburyo bwo gukoresha porogaramu.
Porogaramu zikoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye, nk'izibanda ku kubungabunga amakuru mbere y'igihe, zirimo kwiyongera. IoT Analytics yagaragaje ko umubare w'abatanga serivisi bakoresha porogaramu zishingiye ku gucunga amakuru y'ibicuruzwa (PdM) wazamutse ukagera kuri 73 mu ntangiriro za 2021 bitewe n'ubwiyongere bw'amakuru atandukanye n'ikoreshwa ry'uburyo bwo guhugura mbere y'igihe, ndetse no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo kunoza amakuru mu buryo busanzwe.
Impamvu ya 2: Guteza imbere no kubungabunga ibisubizo bya AI birimo koroshywa
Kwiga imashini mu buryo bwikora (AutoML) birimo kuba ikintu gisanzwe.
Bitewe n'uburemere bw'imirimo ijyanye no kwiga imashini (ML), iterambere ryihuse ry'uburyo bwo kwigisha imashini ryatumye hakenerwa uburyo bwo kwigisha imashini butari ubwa buri gihe bushobora gukoreshwa nta buhanga. Urwego rw'ubushakashatsi rwavuyemo, ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu kwigisha imashini, rwitwa AutoML. Amasosiyete atandukanye arimo gukoresha iri koranabuhanga nk'igice cy'ibyo atanga mu bijyanye no gukoresha ubwenge mu buryo bwa AI kugira ngo afashe abakiriya guteza imbere moderi za ML no gushyira mu bikorwa ikoreshwa ry'inganda vuba. Urugero, mu Gushyingo 2020, SKF yatangaje ibicuruzwa bishingiye kuri automL bihuza amakuru ajyanye n'imikorere y'imashini n'amakuru ajyanye n'ihindagurika ry'ikirere n'ubushyuhe kugira ngo bigabanye ikiguzi kandi bitume abakiriya babasha gukoresha moderi nshya z'ubucuruzi.
Ibikorwa byo kwigisha imashini (ML Ops) byoroshya imicungire n'ibungabunga ry'icyitegererezo.
Isomo rishya ry’imikorere y’imashini zigisha rigamije koroshya kubungabunga imashini zikoresha ubuhanga bwa AI mu nganda zikora. Imikorere y’imashini zikoresha ubuhanga bwa AI ikunze kugabanuka uko igihe kigenda gihita kuko igirwaho ingaruka n’ibintu byinshi biri mu ruganda (urugero, impinduka mu ikwirakwizwa ry’amakuru n’amahame y’ubuziranenge). Kubera iyo mpamvu, kubungabunga imashini zikoresha uburyo bwa AI no kwiga imashini byabaye ngombwa kugira ngo huzuzwe ibisabwa mu nganda zikora (urugero, imashini zifite imikorere iri munsi ya 99% zishobora kunanirwa kugaragaza imyitwarire ibangamira umutekano w’abakozi).
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ibigo byinshi bishya byinjiye mu ishami rya ML Ops, harimo DataRobot, Grid.AI, Pinecone/Zilliz, Seldon, na Weights & Biases. Ibigo bishya byongereye ibikorwa byo kwigisha imashini ku porogaramu za AI zisanzwe zitanga, harimo na Microsoft, yatangije uburyo bwo gushakisha amakuru muri Azure ML Studio. Ubu buryo bushya butuma abakoresha babona impinduka mu ikwirakwizwa ry'amakuru yinjiye mu buryo bugabanya imikorere y'icyitegererezo.
Ikintu cya 3: Ubwenge bw'ubukorano bukoreshwa ku bikorwa bisanzwe n'ikoreshwa ryabyo
Abatanga porogaramu gakondo barimo kongeramo ubushobozi bwa AI.
Uretse ibikoresho binini bya porogaramu za AI zisanzweho nka MS Azure ML, AWS SageMaker, na Google Cloud Vertex AI, porogaramu zisanzwe nka Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CAMMS), Manufacturing execution systems (MES) cyangwa enterprise resource planning (ERP) ubu zishobora kunozwa cyane binyuze mu gushyiramo ubushobozi bwa AI. Urugero, Epicor Software, ikigo gitanga serivisi za ERP, irimo kongeramo ubushobozi bwa AI ku bicuruzwa byayo bisanzwe binyuze muri Epicor Virtual Assistant (EVA). Abakozi ba EVA b’ubwenge bakoreshwa mu kwihutisha inzira za ERP, nko guhindura gahunda y’ibikorwa byo gukora cyangwa gukora ibibazo byoroshye (urugero, kubona ibisobanuro birambuye ku biciro by’ibicuruzwa cyangwa umubare w’ibice bihari).
Imikoreshereze y'inganda irimo kuvugururwa hakoreshejwe AIoT.
Imikoreshereze myinshi y’inganda irimo kongerwamo ubushobozi bwa AI mu bikorwa remezo bya hardware/software bihari. Urugero rugaragara ni ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu kugenzura ubuziranenge. Sisitemu zisanzwe zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho zitunganya amashusho binyuze muri mudasobwa zihujwe cyangwa zitandukanye zifite porogaramu zihariye zisuzuma ibipimo n’ibipimo byagenwe (urugero, itandukaniro rikomeye) kugira ngo hamenyekane niba ibintu bigaragaza inenge. Mu bihe byinshi (urugero, ibice by’ikoranabuhanga bifite imiterere itandukanye y’insinga), umubare w’ibintu bidafite ishingiro ni munini cyane.
Ariko, izi sisitemu zirimo kuvugururwa binyuze mu bwenge bw'ubukorano. Urugero, ikigo gishinzwe imashini zikora imashini zigaragaza icyerekezo (Cognex) cyasohoye igikoresho gishya cyo kwigiraho (Vision Pro Deep Learning 2.0) muri Nyakanga 2021. Ibi bikoresho bishya bihuzwa na sisitemu gakondo zo kubona, bigatuma ababikoresha bahuza ubumenyi bwimbitse n'ibikoresho gakondo byo kubona mu buryo bumwe kugira ngo bahaze ibidukikije bikomeye by'ubuvuzi n'iby'ikoranabuhanga bisaba gupima neza imivurungano, umwanda n'ibindi bisebe.
Impamvu ya 4: Ibikoresho by'inganda bya AIoT birimo kunozwa
Udupira twa AI turimo gutera imbere vuba.
Udupira twa AI tw’ibikoresho byinjijwemo turimo gukura vuba, hamwe n’amahitamo atandukanye aboneka yo gushyigikira iterambere no gushyiraho moderi za AI. Ingero zirimo utwuma dushya twa NVIDIA dutunganya amashusho (Gpus), A30 na A10, twashyizwe ahagaragara muri Werurwe 2021 kandi tubereye ikoreshwa rya AI nka sisitemu zo gutanga inama na sisitemu zo kubona mudasobwa. Urundi rugero ni utwuma twa Tensors Processing Units twa Google two mu gisekuru cya kane (TPus), tukaba ari utuzu dukomeye twinjijwemo (ASics) dushobora kugera ku bushobozi n’umuvuduko byikubye inshuro 1.000 mu guteza imbere moderi no kuyishyira mu bikorwa ku mirimo runaka ya AI (urugero, kumenya ibintu, gushyira amashusho mu byiciro, n’ibipimo ngenderwaho by’inama). Gukoresha twuma twa AI twihariye bigabanya igihe cyo kubara moderi kuva ku minsi kugeza ku minota, kandi byagaragaye ko ari ikintu gihindura umukino mu bihe byinshi.
Ibikoresho bikomeye bya AI biboneka ako kanya binyuze mu buryo bwo kwishyura buri wese.
Ibigo bya Superscale bihora bivugurura seriveri zabyo kugira ngo ibikoresho bya mudasobwa biboneke mu bicu kugira ngo abakoresha bashobore gushyira mu bikorwa porogaramu za AI zo mu nganda. Urugero, mu Gushyingo 2021, AWS yatangaje ko isohoye ku mugaragaro porogaramu zayo zigezweho zishingiye kuri GPU, Amazon EC2 G5, ikoreshwa na NVIDIA A10G Tensor Core GPU, ku porogaramu zitandukanye za ML, harimo na moteri za mudasobwa zitanga inama. Urugero, ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura porogaramu za Nanotronics gikoresha ingero za Amazon EC2 z'igisubizo cyacyo cyo kugenzura ubuziranenge gishingiye kuri AI kugira ngo cyihutishe ibikorwa byo gutunganya no kugera ku gipimo nyacyo cyo kumenya mu gukora microchips na nanotubes.
Umwanzuro n'icyizere
Ubuhanga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina (AI) buri gusohoka mu ruganda, kandi buzaba buri hose mu buryo bushya, nka PdM ishingiye kuri AI, ndetse no kunoza porogaramu zisanzwe n'uburyo zikoreshwa. Ibigo binini birimo gushyira ahagaragara uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha AI no gutanga raporo ku byagezweho, kandi imishinga myinshi ifite inyungu nyinshi ku ishoramari. Muri rusange, kuzamuka kwa cloud, platforms za iot na chips zikomeye za AI bitanga urubuga rwo gukoresha porogaramu nshya no kunoza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-12-2022