Muri iki gihe, LED yabaye igice cy'ubuzima bwacu kidashoboka. Uyu munsi, ndabagezaho incamake y'igitekerezo, imiterere, n'ishyirwa mu byiciro.

Igitekerezo cya LED

LED (Light Emitting Diode) ni igikoresho cya semiconductor gifite imiterere ikomeye gihindura amashanyarazi mu buryo butaziguye kikaba urumuri. Umutima wa LED ni chip ya semiconductor, impera imwe ifatanye n'icyuma gifata umuriro, impera imwe ikaba ari electrode negative, naho indi impera ifatanye n'impera nziza y'amashanyarazi, ku buryo chip yose ifungirwa muri resin ya epoxy.

Chip ya semiconductor igizwe n'ibice bibiri, kimwe muri byo kikaba ari semiconductor ya p-type, aho imyobo yiganje, ikindi kikaba semiconductor ya n-type, aho elektroni ziganje. Ariko iyo semiconductor ebyiri zihujwe, "pn junction" iba hagati yazo. Iyo umuriro ushyizwe kuri chip unyuze mu nsinga, elektroni zisunikwa mu gace ka p, aho zihurira n'umwobo zigatanga ingufu mu buryo bwa fotoni, ari na ko LED zimurika. Kandi uburebure bw'urumuri, ibara ry'urumuri, bugenwa n'ibikoresho bigize PN junction.

Ibiranga LED

Imiterere y'imiterere ya LED igaragaza ko ari yo soko y'urumuri nziza cyane yo gusimbura isoko y'urumuri gakondo, ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyikoresha.

• Ingano nto

Muri rusange, LED ni agace gato cyane gafungiwe muri resin ya epoxy, bityo ikaba ari nto cyane kandi yoroheje cyane.

-Ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nke

Ingufu za LED zikoreshwa ni nke cyane, muri rusange, voltage ikoreshwa na LED ni 2-3.6V.
Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ukora ni 0.02-0.03A.
Ni ukuvuga ko ikoresha amashanyarazi atarenze 0.1W.

• Igihe kirekire cyo gukora

Iyo umuriro n'amashanyarazi bikwiye, LED zishobora kumara amasaha agera ku 100.000 zikora.

• Umucyo mwinshi n'ubushyuhe buke

• Kurengera ibidukikije

Amatara ya LED akozwe mu bikoresho bitari uburozi, bitandukanye n'amatara ya fluorescent, arimo mercure kandi atera umwanda. Ashobora kandi kongera gukoreshwa.

• Irakomeye kandi Irakomeye

Amatara ya LED afungishijwe neza muri resin ya epoxy, ikomeye kurusha amatara yombi ndetse n'imiyoboro ya fluorescent. Nta bice birekuye biba biri imbere mu itara, bigatuma amatara adapfa.

Ishyirwa mu byiciro rya LED

1, Dukurikije umuyoboro utanga urumuriibaraamanota

Dukurikije ibara ry'urumuri rw'umuyoboro utanga urumuri, rushobora kugabanywamo umutuku, umuhondo, icyatsi kibisi (n'umuhondo icyatsi kibisi, icyatsi gisanzwe n'icyatsi kibisi cyuzuye), ubururu n'ibindi.
Byongeye kandi, zimwe muri LED ziba zifite uduce tw'amabara abiri cyangwa atatu.
Dukurikije diode itanga urumuri ivanze cyangwa idavanze n'ibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza urumuri, byaba bifite ibara cyangwa bidafite ibara, amabara atandukanye ya LED ashobora kandi kugabanywamo ubwoko bune bw'amabara abonerana, adafite ibara, adafite ibara n'adafite ibara.
Diode zisohora urumuri n'amatara asohora urumuri bishobora gukoreshwa nk'amatara y'icyitegererezo.

2. Dukurikije imiterere y'urumurihejurucy'umuyoboro usohora urumuri

Dukurikije imiterere y'ubuso butanga urumuri bw'umuyoboro utanga urumuri, bushobora kugabanywamo itara ry'uruziga, itara rya kare, itara ry'urukiramende, umuyoboro utanga urumuri rw'isura, umuyoboro wo ku ruhande n'umuyoboro muto wo gushyiraho ubuso, n'ibindi.
Itara ry'uruziga rigabanyijemo Φ2mm, Φ4.4mm, Φ5mm, Φ8mm, Φ10mm na Φ20mm, n'ibindi.
Ubusanzwe, diode isohora urumuri ya Φ3mm yanditswe nka T-1, φ5mm nka T-1 (3/4), naφ4.4mm nka T-1 (1/4).

3. Dukurikije ibivugwa muriimitererebya diode zisohora urumuri

Dukurikije imiterere ya LED, hari epoxy encapsulation, metal base epoxy encapsulation, ceramic base epoxy encapsulation na glass encapsulation.

4. Dukurikijeimbaraga z'urumuri n'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ukora

Dukurikije ubukana bw'urumuri n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ukorwa, ugabanyijemo urumuri rusanzwe rwa LED (ubukana bw'urumuri 100mCD);
Ubukana bw'urumuri ruri hagati ya mCD 10 na 100 bwitwa diode itanga urumuri rwinshi.
Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi wa LED rusange uva kuri mA icumi ukagera kuri mA mirongo, mu gihe umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi make wa LED uri munsi ya 2mA (urumuri ni rumwe n'urw'umuyoboro usanzwe usohora urumuri).
Uretse uburyo bwo gushyira mu byiciro bwavuzwe haruguru, hari kandi uburyo bwo gushyira mu byiciro hakurikijwe ibikoresho bya chip ndetse n'imikorere.

Ted: Ingingo ikurikira nayo ivuga kuri LED. Ni iki? Mukomeze gukurikira.